Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland





















































































Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
Christlichdemokratische Volkspartei (German)
Parti Démocrate-Chrétien (French)
Partito Popolare Democratico (Italian)
Partida Cristiandemocratica (Romansh)
President
Gerhard Pfister
Vice Presidents
Yannick Buttet,
Ida Glanzmann
General Secretary
Béatrice Wertli
Members in Federal Council
Doris Leuthard
Founded
1912
Headquarters
Klaraweg 6
CH-3001 Bern
Youth wing
Young CVP
Membership (2015)
100,000[1]
Ideology
Christian democracy[2]
Social conservatism
Political position
Centre[3][4][5] to centre-right[6][7]
European affiliation
European People's Party (Associate)
International affiliation
none
Colours
     Orange
Federal Council

1 / 7
National Council

27 / 200
Council of States

13 / 46
Cantonal executives

40 / 154
Cantonal legislatures

435 / 2,609
Website

www.cvp.ch


  • Politics of Switzerland

  • Political parties

  • Elections



The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland (German: Christlichdemokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz, CVP; French: Parti Démocrate-Chrétien, PDC; Italian: Partito Popolare Democratico, PPD; Romansh: About this sound Partida cristiandemocratica Svizra (help·info), PCD) is a Christian-democratic[8]political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 28 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 13 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss Federal Council.


The party was founded as the Catholic Conservative Party in 1912. The party peaked in the 1950s, having three members of the Federal Council (1954–58) before agreeing to the Magic formula. It adopted its current name in 1970. From 1979 to 2003, the party's vote declined, mostly in the favour of the Swiss People's Party, and the party was reduced to one Federal Councillor at the 2003 election.


The party sits in the centre to centre-right of the political spectrum, advocating Christian democracy, the social market economy, and moderate social conservatism. The party is strongest in Catholic rural areas, particularly Central Switzerland and Valais.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Party platform


  • 3 Popular support


  • 4 Party strength over time


  • 5 Presidents


  • 6 Notes and references


  • 7 Further reading


  • 8 External links





History


In 1912 the Catholic-Conservative Party of Switzerland (German: Katholisch-Konservative Partei der Schweiz) was founded. From 1919 on, the party occupied two out of the seven seats in the cabinet. Aided by the political climate of the postwar period, the party experienced its peak in the 1950s: It was represented by the biggest parliamentary delegation in the national assembly, and from 1954 to 1958 the party occupied three out of seven seats in the cabinet. Nonetheless, the party had to relinquish the third seat in favor of the 'Magic formula', which was introduced to the cabinet in 1959. In 1957 it changed its name to the Conservative-Christian-Social People's Party (German: Konservativ-Christlichsoziale Volkspartei) and to its current name in 1970. In the ensuing decades, the Catholic voter base dissolved somewhat. The reduction of the voter base, in addition to less cohesion among politicians in the party, led to six successive losses in federal elections after 1980.


Beginning in the 1990s, conservative voters from former strongholds of the CVP switched to vote for the right-wing populist Swiss People's Party. Due to that voter switch and the resultant 2003 national elections to the national assembly, the party lost their second seat in the governing Federal Council, retaining only one of the seven seats.



Party platform


In its party platform, the CVP describes itself as a centrist party. The CVP fosters a social market economy in which a balance is struck between economic liberalism and social justice. The expansion of the party in the Protestant-dominated cantons, in which the CVP upholds rather centrist policies, stands in contrast to the traditional role of the CVP as the leading party in rather Catholic-dominated cantons of central Switzerland, and the cantons of Valais. There, the electorate is mostly socially conservative.


The CVP has three main policies in the political centre:[citation needed]



  • The CVP upholds the social market economy. It supports exporting industries, more spending on education, research and development. It also aims at combating the black market and tax evasion. In order to increase efficiency and incentives, the CVP calls for the reduction and streamlining of bureaucratic procedures and government agencies, low taxation for family enterprises and those who offer vocational education and internships. The CVP calls for equal wages and job opportunities for both men and women.

  • The CVP calls for flexible working times, childcare, and affordable housing.

  • The CVP aims at ensuring social security. The CVP calls for reforms of the social security system, by raising taxes on demerit goods (e.g. tobacco taxes) to generate more revenues for the pension funds. The retirement age of 65 should also be upheld. The public health care system shall be streamlined by a reduction of waiting times of medical procedures, in order to ensure equitable services. The CVP also promotes workfare as the primary means to combat unemployment.



Popular support




Percentages of the CVP at district level in 2011




The Christian Democrats are the largest party in Catholic southern and central Switzerland, and are the largest party in seven cantonal legislatures (coloured orange above).




The CVP's positions in the Swiss political spectrum (2007). Positions of voters and of party elites (elected officials) are shown separately. Data from the 2007 general election.[9]


Following continuing losses in the federal parliamentary elections until 2003, in December 2003, the party lost one of its two seats in the four-party coalition government, the Swiss Federal Council, to the Swiss People's Party. The CVP holds roughly 12% of the popular vote.


After the national election in late 2003, it held 28 seats (out of 200) in the Swiss National Council (first chamber of the Swiss parliament); 15 (out of 46) in the Council of States (second chamber, and the largest party in this chamber) and 1 out of 7 seats in the Swiss Federal Council (executive body).


In 2005, it held 20.7% of the seats in the Swiss Cantonal governments and 16.7% in the Swiss Cantonal parliaments (index "BADAC", weighted with the population and number of seats).
At the last legislative national elections, 22 October 2007, the party won 14.6% of the popular vote and 31 out of 200 seats in the National Council lower house.[10] This was a gain of 3 seats, ending the long-term decline of the party and it was the only one of the four largest parties besides the Swiss People's Party to gain votes and seats.


In the Federal Assembly, the CVP formerly sat in a bloc in the Christian Democrats/EPP/glp Group, along with the Evangelical People's Party and Green Liberal Party.[11]



Party strength over time










































































































































































































































































































































































































































Canton 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015
Percentage of the total vote for Christian Democratic People's Party in Federal Elections 1971-2015[12]
Switzerland 20.3 21.1 21.3 20.2 19.6 18.0 16.8 15.9 14.4 14.5 12.3 11.6
Zürich 9.5 9.4 9.7 9.1 7.1 5.9 4.9 5.1 5.4 7.6 5.0 4.2
Bern 5.3 5.3 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.6 1.8 2.4 2.3 4.7 2.1 1.8
Luzern 48.8 50.1 50.4 49.6 47.0 48.6 37.3 33.8 29.5 30.2 27.1 23.9
Uri *a
 18.6 * * * * * * * * * 26.8
Schwyz 38.5 46.4 49.4 46.6 36.9 32.8 27.4 27.3 23.4 20.1 20.6 19.5
Obwalden 67.0 97.1 95.7 91.0 51.7 95.3 94.2 * 66.4 32.5 * *
Nidwalden 97.2 97.6 49.5 97.2 96.9 97.7 32.1 * * * * *
Glarus * * * * * * * * * * * *
Zug * 39.4 34.1 39.9 34.2 34.2 27.1 26.4 22.9 23.3 24.3 26.4
Fribourg 41.5 46.9 39.9 37.9 37.7 36.8 36.0 33.7 25.4 24.8 20.3 22.7
Solothurn 27.7 26.0 27.6 26.7 25.1 22.2 21.5 21.4 21.0 20.4 17.9 14.8
Basel-Stadt 11.2 12.1 13.9 9.9 10.0 10.4 9.7 8.6 6.6 7.4 6.5 6.4
Basel-Landschaft 13.3 13.3 11.5 10.8 12.3 11.6 11.7 12.0 10.0 11.4 8.2 9.1
Schaffhausen 8.0 * * 6.3 * * * * 2.7 * 5.2 *
Appenzell A.Rh. * 14.1 * 14.5 * 16.7 9.5 * * * 10.6 *
Appenzell I.Rh. 96.1 98.3 97.2 95.6 91.8 98.7 85.4 73.5 69.2 84.6 76.1 76.3
St. Gallen 44.0 43.3 44.1 40.8 39.4 35.8 31.0 26.2 22.2 21.4 20.3 16.6
Graubünden 37.3 35.9 35.5 33.3 28.5 25.6 26.9 25.6 23.7 20.3 16.6 16.8
Aargau 20.0 20.6 22.5 21.5 18.9 14.5 14.2 16.3 15.6 13.5 10.6 8.6
Thurgau 23.4 22.3 24.6 21.6 20.4 16.5 13.0 15.7 16.5 15.2 14.4 13.1
Ticino 34.8 35.7 34.1 34.0 38.2 26.9 28.4 25.9 24.6 24.1 20.0 20.1
Vaud 5.3 4.6 5.1 4.5 4.1 3.6 5.6 4.5 4.4 5.6 4.6 4.1
Valais 61.5 59.7 58.8 57.5 58.7 54.3 54.8 51.4 47.9 44.9 39.9 39.8
Neuchâtel * * * * * * * * * 3.3 3.5 3.6
Genève 13.8 14.7 14.0 12.3 14.6 14.5 13.4 14.1 11.8 9.7 9.8 12.1
Jura b b 37.7 25.1 33.0 36.0 38.2 39.2 39.5 25.0 33.2 27.6


1.^a A "*" indicates that the party was not on the ballot in this canton.

2.^b Part of the Canton of Bern until 1979.



Presidents



  • 1986–1992 Eva Segmüller, St. Gallen

  • 1992–1994 Carlo Schmid, Appenzell Innerrhoden

  • 1994–1997 Anton Cottier, Fribourg

  • 1997–2001 Adalbert Durrer, Obwalden

  • 2001–2004 Philipp Stähelin, Thurgau

  • 2004–2006 Doris Leuthard, Aargau

  • 2006-2016 Christophe Darbellay, Valais

  • 2016–present Gerhard Pfister, Zug



Notes and references





  1. ^ The Swiss Confederation — A Brief Guide (PDF). Federal Chancellery. 2015. p. 19. Retrieved December 14, 2016..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Parties and Elections in Europe: The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck


  3. ^ Altermatt, Urs (2013). CVP: Von der katholischen Milieupartei zur Partei der bürgerlichen Mitte. Die Parteien in Bewegung: Nachbarschaft und Konflikte. Verlag Neue Zürcher Zeitung. pp. 36–37.


  4. ^ Burlacu, Diana; Tóka, Gábor (2014). Policy-based Voting and the Type of Democracy. Elections and Democracy: Representation and Accountability. Oxford University Press.


  5. ^ Budge, Ian; Keman, Hans; McDonald, Michael D.; Pennings, Paul (2012). Organizing Democratic Choice: Party Representation Over Time. Oxford University Press. p. 134.


  6. ^ Damir Skenderovic (2009). The Radical Right in Switzerland: Continuity and Change, 1945-2000. Berghahn Books. p. 156. ISBN 978-1-84545-948-2. Retrieved 19 July 2013.


  7. ^ Freedom House (1 December 2011). Freedom in the World 2011: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 649. ISBN 978-1-4422-0996-1.


  8. ^ Philip Manow; Kees van Kersbergen (2009). Religion and the Western Welfare State—The Theoretical Context. Religion, Class Coalitions, and Welfare States. Cambridge University Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-521-89791-4. Retrieved 2 August 2013.


  9. ^ The data is based on research by Philipp Leimgruber (University of Bern), Dominik Hangartner (Washington University) and Lucas Leemann (Columbia University), as part of the University of Lausanne's Swiss Electoral Studies (Selects), http://www2.unil.ch/selects, as published in Comparing Candidates and Citizens in the Ideological Space, Swiss Political Science Review 16(3) pp. 499-531(33). The graphical representation of the data is based on a graphic published in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung of 30 October 2010, p.13.


  10. ^ Nationalrat 2007


  11. ^ [1] Archived 3 November 2009 at the Wayback Machine.


  12. ^ Nationalratswahlen 2015: Der Wandel der Parteienlandschaft seit 1971 (Report). Swiss Federal Statistical Office. 2015.





















Part of a series on
Christian democracy
Orange flag waving.svg








  • Christian democracy portal


  • .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}
    Politics portal



  • v

  • t

  • e



Further reading




  • Gees, Thomas (2004). Michael Gehler; Wolfram Kaiser, eds. Successful as a 'Go Between': The Conservative People's Party in Switzerland. Christian Democracy in Europe since 1945. Routledge. pp. 33–46. ISBN 0-7146-5662-3.


  • Rölli-Alkemper, Lukas (2004). Wolfram Kaiser; Helmut Wohnout, eds. Catholics between Emancipation and Integration: The Conservative People's Party in Switzerland. Political Catholicism in Europe 1918-45. Routledge. pp. 53–64. ISBN 0-7146-5650-X.



External links


  • Official website










-

這個網誌中的熱門文章

12.7 cm/40 Type 89 naval gun

圖片
12.7 cm/40 Type 89 naval gun Type 89 gun mounted on Chitose Type Naval gun anti-aircraft gun Place of origin Japan Service history In service 1932–45 Used by Imperial Japanese Navy Wars World War II Production history Designed 1928–32 Produced 1932–45 No.  built ~1500 Variants Type 88 Specifications Mass 3,100 kilograms (6,834 lb) Barrel length 5,080 millimeters (16 ft 8 in) (bore length) Shell Fixed Shell weight 20.9–23.45 kilograms (46.1–51.7 lb) Caliber 12.7-centimeter (5.0 in) Breech horizontal breech block Elevation -8° to +90° [1] Rate of fire 8-14 rounds per minute Muzzle velocity 720–725 meters per second (2,360–2,380 ft/s) Maximum firing range 9,440 meters (30,970 ft) at 90° (AA ceiling) 14,800 meters (48,600 ft) at 45° The 12.7 cm/40 Type 89 naval gun was a Japanese anti-aircraft (AA) gun introduced before World War II. It was the Imperial Japanese Navy's standard heavy AA
閱讀完整內容

University of Vienna

圖片
"Vienna University" redirects here. For Vienna University of Economics and Business, see Vienna University of Economics and Business. University of Vienna Universität Wien Type Public Established 1365 Budget € 544 million [1] Rector Heinz Engl Academic staff 6,765 Administrative staff 3,106 Students 94,000 [2] Postgraduates 16,490 Doctoral students 8,945 Location Main building, Vienna , Austria 48°12′47″N 16°21′35″E  /  48.21306°N 16.35972°E  / 48.21306; 16.35972 Coordinates: 48°12′47″N 16°21′35″E  /  48.21306°N 16.35972°E  / 48.21306; 16.35972 Campus Urban Colors Blue and White           Affiliations Campus Europae, EUA, UNICA Website www.univie.ac.at/en Data as of 2016 [update] The University of Vienna (German: Universität Wien ) is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is one of the oldest universities in the Ge
閱讀完整內容

Rikitea

圖片
Town in French Polynesia, France Rikitea Town Rikitea Location in French Polynesia Coordinates: 23°7′13″S 134°58′9″W  /  23.12028°S 134.96917°W  / -23.12028; -134.96917 Coordinates: 23°7′13″S 134°58′9″W  /  23.12028°S 134.96917°W  / -23.12028; -134.96917 Country   France Overseas collectivity   French Polynesia Territory Gambier Islands Island Mangareva Rikitea is a small town on Mangareva, which is part of the Gambier Islands in French Polynesia. A majority of the islanders live in Rikitea. [1] [2] The island was a protectorate of France in 1871 and was annexed in 1881. [3] Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Economy 4 Landmarks 5 Transportation 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External links History The town's history dates to the era when the island was first settled with people from the Marquesas Islands in 1100 AD. Captain James Wilson of the London Missionary Society arrived in 1797 on Du
閱讀完整內容