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1991 Rugby World Cup

Tournament details
Host nations	England  France  Ireland  Scotland  Wales
Dates	3 October – 2 November 1991
No. of nations	16 (33 qualifying)
Final positions
Champions	Australia
Runner-up	England
Third-place	New Zealand
Tournament statistics
Matches played	32
Top scorer(s)	Ralph Keyes (68)
Most tries	Jean-Baptiste Lafond David Campese (6 tries each)
← 1987 1995 →

The 1991 Rugby World Cup was the second edition of the Rugby World Cup, and was jointly hosted by England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland and France; at that time, the five European countries that participated in the Five Nations Championship making it the first Rugby World Cup to be staged in the northern hemisphere, with England as the host of the championship game. Following on from the success of the inaugural 1987 Rugby World Cup, the 1991 World Cup received increased attention and was seen as a major global sporting event for the first time.^{[citation needed]} Also for the first time qualifying competitions were introduced as the number of entrants had increased from 16 nations four years before to a total of 33 countries, the eight quarter-finalists from 1987 qualified automatically with the remaining 25 countries having to qualify for the remaining eight spots. This however resulted in only one new side qualifying for the tournament, Western Samoa replacing Tonga. The same 16-team pool/knock-out format was used with just minor changes to the points system.

The Pool stage of the tournament was nothing like four years earlier,^{[citation needed]} with fewer one-sided matches and the early stages produced a major shock when Western Samoa, who were making their debut in the tournament, defeated 1987 semi-finalist Wales 16–13 in Cardiff, resulting in the elimination of Wales, who finished third in Pool 3, making it the first time that a host or co-host nation was knocked out of the competition in the pool stages. Also notable in pool play was that Canada finished second in their pool to qualify for the quarter-finals in what remains Canada's best performance in the Rugby World Cup. Fiji, as quarter-finalists four years ago, had expected to occupy that position, but after the upset loss to Canada and a hammering by France, they were to lose even their final match against the unfancied Romanian team. Earlier, the opening match had pitted the holders New Zealand against the hosts England: New Zealand overturned a narrow half-time deficit to win the match and the pool, both teams qualifying for the quarter-finals with easy victories in their other matches. Scotland beat Ireland to top their pool, again both teams qualifying.

In the quarter-finals, neither Canada nor Western Samoa proved a match for New Zealand or Scotland, respectively. Meanwhile, England knocked out 1987 finalist France in a bruising encounter. Australia, in what was seen as the match of the tournament,^{[citation needed]} pipped Ireland 19–18 in a thrilling match at Lansdowne Road, with a last-gasp try from fly-half Michael Lynagh coming after the Irish took an unexpected 18–15 lead when loose-forward Hamilton outpaced winger David Campese over half the length of the pitch for a try. The semi-finals produced two tight matches: England overcame their Scottish rivals 9–6, a late drop goal deciding a tryless match in a torrential downpour at Murrayfield Stadium, and Australia defeated the defending world champions New Zealand 16–6 at Lansdowne Road.

The World Cup Final was played at Twickenham Stadium in London, and saw Australia triumph 12–6 against England, thanks to a first-half try from prop Tony Daly.

Qualification

The following 16 teams, shown by region, qualified for the 1991 Rugby World Cup. Of the 16 teams, eight of those places were automatically filled by quarter-finalists from the 1987 World Cup and did not have to play any qualification matches. 25 nations competed in a qualification process designed to fill the remaining eight spots, bringing the total participation to 33 nations. In the event, there was only one change from the 1987 tournament, with Western Samoa appearing in place of Tonga.

Venues

London	Edinburgh	Cardiff	Dublin	Paris
Twickenham Stadium	Murrayfield Stadium	Cardiff Arms Park	Lansdowne Road	Parc des Princes
Capacity: 75,000	Capacity: 67,800	Capacity: 53,000	Capacity: 49,250	Capacity: 48,712
Toulouse	Grenoble	Villeneuve d'Ascq	Béziers	Leicester
Stade Ernest-Wallon	Stade Lesdiguières	Stadium Lille-Metropole	Stade de la Méditerranée	Welford Road
Capacity: 19,000	Capacity: 18,548*	Capacity: 18,185	Capacity: 18,000	Capacity: 16,815
Brive	Agen	Bayonne	Gloucester	Belfast
Parc Municipal des Sports	Stade Armandie	Stade Jean Dauger	Kingsholm	Ravenhill
Capacity: 16,000	Capacity: 14,000	Capacity: 13,500	Capacity: 12,500	Capacity: 12,300
Llanelli	Pontypool	Pontypridd	Otley
Stradey Park	Pontypool Park	Sardis Road	Cross Green
Capacity: 10,800	Capacity: 14,000	Capacity: 7,200	Capacity: 5,000

• as found in ffr.fr consulted on 7 February 2013 apropos of the pool match between France and Fiji played on 8 October 1991

Squads

Pools & Format

As in the 1987 Rugby World Cup the 16 nations were divided into four pools of four nations, with each nation playing their other pool opponents once, every nation playing three times during the pool stages. Nations were awarded 2 points for a win, 1 for a draw and zero for a loss, the top two nations of every pool advanced to the quarter finals. The runners-up of each pool faced the winners of a different pool in the quarter finals. The winners moved on to the semi finals, with the winners then moving onto the final, and the losers of the semi finals contesting a third/fourth place play off.

• Pool 1 was played in England
  


• Pool 2 was played in both Scotland & Ireland with matches played in both Republic of Ireland & Northern Ireland
  


• Pool 3 was played in Wales
  


• Pool 4 was played in France
  

Points System

The points system that was used in the pool stage was which was changed from 1987 was as follows:

• 3 points for a win


• 2 points for a draw


• 1 point for playing

A total of 32 matches (24 in the pool stage and eight in the knock-out stage) were played throughout the tournament over 30 days from Thursday 3 October 1991 to Saturday 2 November 1991.

Pool stage

Pool 1

Team	P	W	D	L	PF	PA	Pts
New Zealand	3	3	0	0	95	39	6
England	3	2	0	1	85	33	4
Italy	3	1	0	2	57	76	2
United States	3	0	0	3	24	113	0

3 October 1991

England	12–18	New Zealand
Pen: Webb (3) Drop: Andrew		Try: Jones Con: Fox Pen: Fox (4)

Twickenham Stadium, London Attendance: 57,000 Referee: Jim Fleming (Scotland)

5 October 1991

Italy	30–9	United States
Try: Barba Francescato Vaccari Gaetaniello Con: Dominguez (4) Pen: Dominguez (2)		Try: Swords Con: Williams Pen: Williams

Cross Green, Otley Attendance: 7,500 Referee: Owen Doyle (Ireland)

8 October 1991

New Zealand	46–6	United States
Try: Wright (3) Earl Purvis Timu Tuigamala Innes Con: Preston (4) Pen: Preston (2)		Pen: Williams (2)

Kingsholm, Gloucester Attendance: 12,000 Referee: Efraim Sklar (Argentina)

8 October 1991

England	36–6	Italy
Try: Guscott (2) Underwood Webb Con: Webb (4) Pen: Webb (4)		Try: Cuttitta Con: Dominguez

Twickenham Stadium, London Attendance: 30,000 Referee: Brian Anderson (Scotland)

11 October 1991

England	37–9	United States
Try: Underwood (2) Carling Skinner Heslop Con: Hodgkinson (4) Pen: Hodgkinson (3)		Try: Nelson Con: Williams Pen: Williams

Twickenham Stadium, London Attendance: 45,000 Referee: Les Peard (Wales)

13 October 1991

Italy	21–31	New Zealand
Try: Cuttitta Bonomi Con: Dominguez (2) Pen: Dominguez (3)	"Report"..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}	Try: Brooke Innes Tuigamala Hewett Con: Fox (3) Pen: Fox (3)

Welford Road, Leicester Attendance: 15,711 Referee: Kerry Fitzgerald (Australia)

Pool 2

Team	P	W	D	L	PF	PA	Pts
Scotland	3	3	0	0	122	36	6
Ireland	3	2	0	1	102	51	4
Japan	3	1	0	2	77	87	2
Zimbabwe	3	0	0	3	31	158	0

5 October 1991

Scotland	47–9	Japan
Try: S. Hastings Stanger Chalmers White Penalty try Tukalo G. Hastings Con: G. Hastings (5) Pen: G. Hastings (2) Chalmers	Report	Try: Hosokawa Con: Hosokawa Drop: Hosokawa

Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh Attendance: 40,000 Referee: Ed Morrison (England)

6 October 1991

Ireland	55–11	Zimbabwe
Try: Robinson (4) Popplewell (2) Geoghegan Curtis Con: Keyes (4) Pen: Keyes (5)	Report	Try: Dawson Schultz Pen: Ferreira

Lansdowne Road, Dublin Attendance: 40,000 Referee: Keith Lawrence (New Zealand)

9 October 1991

Ireland	32–16	Japan
Try: Mannion (2) O’Hara Staples Con: Keyes (2) Pen: Keyes (4)	Report	Try: Hayashi Kajihara Yoshida Con: Hosokawa (2)

Lansdowne Road, Dublin Attendance: 30,000 Referee: Laikini Colati (Fiji)

9 October 1991

Scotland	51–12	Zimbabwe
Try: Tukalo (3) Turnbull S. Hastings Stanger Weir White Con: Dods (5) Pen: Dods (2) Drop: Wylie	Report	Try: Garvey (2) Con: Currin (2)

Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh Attendance: 35,000 Referee: Don Reordan (United States)

12 October 1991

Scotland	24–15	Ireland
Try: Shiel Armstrong Con: G. Hastings (2) Pen: G. Hastings (3) Drop: Chalmers	Report	Pen: Keyes (4) Drop: Keyes

Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh Attendance: 54,000 Referee: Fred Howard (England)

14 October 1991

Japan	52–8	Zimbabwe
Try: Yoshida (2) Mashuho (2) Kutsuki (2) Horikoshi Luaiufi Matsuo Con: Hosokawa (2) Pen: Hosokawa (4)	Report	Try: Tsimba Nguruve

Ravenhill, Belfast Attendance: 9,500 Referee: René Hourquet (France)

Pool 3

Team	P	W	D	L	PF	PA	Pts
Australia	3	3	0	0	79	25	6
Western Samoa	3	2	0	1	54	34	4
Wales	3	1	0	2	32	61	2
Argentina	3	0	0	3	38	83	0

4 October 1991

Argentina	19–32	Australia
Try: Terán (2) Con: Del Castillo Pen: Del Castillo Drop: Arbizu (2)		Try: Campese (2) Horan (2) Kearns Con: Lynagh (3) Pen: Lynagh (2)

Stradey Park, Llanelli Attendance: 11,000 Referee: David Bishop (New Zealand)

6 October 1991

Wales	13–16	Western Samoa
Try: Emyr Evans Con: Ring Pen: Ring	Report	Try: Vaega Vaifale Con: Vaea Pen: Vaea (2)

Cardiff Arms Park, Cardiff Attendance: 45,000 Referee: Patrick Robin (France)

9 October 1991

Australia	9–3	Western Samoa
Pen: Lynagh (3)		Pen: Vaea

Pontypool Park, Pontypool Attendance: 15,000 Referee: Ed Morrison (England)

9 October 1991

Wales	16–7	Argentina
Try: Arnold Pen: Ring (3) Rayer		Try: García Simón Pen: Del Castillo

Cardiff Arms Park, Cardiff Attendance: 35,000 Referee: René Hourquet (France)

12 October 1991

Wales	3–38	Australia
Pen: Ring		Try: Roebuck (2) Slattery Campese Horan Lynagh Con: Lynagh (4) Pen: Lynagh (2)

Cardiff Arms Park, Cardiff Attendance: 54,000 Referee: Keith Lawrence (New Zealand)

13 October 1991

Argentina	12–35	Western Samoa
Try: Terán Con: Arbizu Pen: Laborde Arbizu		Try: Tagaola (2) Lima (2) Bunce Bachop Con: Vaea (4) Pen: Vaea

Sardis Road, Pontypridd Attendance: 8,500 Referee: Brian Anderson (Scotland) Replaced by Jim Fleming (Scotland)

Pool 4

Team	P	W	D	L	PF	PA	Pts
France	3	3	0	0	82	25	6
Canada	3	2	0	1	45	33	4
Romania	3	1	0	2	31	64	2
Fiji	3	0	0	3	27	63	0

4 October 1991

France	30–3	Romania
Try: Roumat Lafond Penalty try Saint-André Con: Camberabero Pen: Camberabero (4)		Pen: Nichitean

Stade de la Méditerranée, Béziers Attendance: 22,000 Referee: Les Peard (Wales)

5 October 1991

Canada	13–3	Fiji
Try: Stewart Pen: Rees (3)		Drop: Serevi

Stade Jean Dauger, Bayonne Attendance: 5,000 Referee: Kerry Fitzgerald (Australia)

8 October 1991

France	33–9	Fiji
Try: Lafond (3) Sella (2) Camberabero Con: Camberabero (3) Pen: Camberabero		Try: Naruma Con: Koroduadua Pen: Koroduadua

Stade Lesdiguières, Grenoble Attendance: 18,548 Referee: Derek Bevan (Wales)

9 October 1991

Canada	19–11	Romania
Try: McKinnon Ennis Con: Mark Wyatt Pen: Wyatt (2) Drop: Rees		Try: Lungu Sasu Pen: Nichitean

Stade Ernest-Wallon, Toulouse Attendance: 10,000 Referee: Sandy MacNeill (Australia)

12 October 1991

Fiji	15–17	Romania
Pen: Turuva (2) Drop: Rabaka (2) Turuva		Try: Ion Dumitras Sasu Con: Racean Pen: Nichitean

Parc Municipal des Sports, Brive Attendance: 8,500 Referee: Owen Doyle (Ireland)

13 October 1991

France	19–13	Canada
Try: Lafond Saint-André Con: Camberabero Pen: Lacroix (2) Camberabero		Try: Wyatt Pen: Wyatt Rees Drop: Rees

Stade Armandie, Agen Attendance: 15,000 Referee: Stephen Hilditch (Ireland)

Knock-out stage

	Quarter-finals				Semi-finals				Final
	19 October – Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh
	Scotland	28
					26 October – Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh
	Western Samoa	6
					Scotland	6
	19 October – Parc des Princes, Paris
					England	9
	France	10
									2 November – Twickenham Stadium, London
	England	19
									England	6
	20 October – Stadium Lille-Metropole, Villeneuve d'Ascq
									Australia	12
	New Zealand	29
					27 October – Lansdowne Road, Dublin
	Canada	13
					New Zealand	6
	20 October – Lansdowne Road, Dublin
					Australia	16			Third place
	Australia	19
									30 October – Cardiff Arms Park, Cardiff
	Ireland	18
									Scotland	6
									New Zealand	13

Quarter-finals

19 October 1991

France	10–19	England
Try: Lafond Pen: Lacroix (2)	Report	Try: Underwood Carling Con: Webb Pen: Webb (3)

Parc des Princes, Paris Attendance: 48,500 Referee: David Bishop (New Zealand)

19 October 1991

Scotland	28–6	Western Samoa
Try: Jeffrey (2) Stanger Con: Hastings (2) Pen: Hastings (4)	Report	Pen: Vaea Drop: Bachop

Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh Attendance: 54,000 Referee: Derek Bevan (Wales)

20 October 1991

Ireland	18–19	Australia
Try: Hamilton Con: Keyes Pen: Keyes (3) Drop: Keyes	Report	Try: Campese (2) Lynagh Con: Lynagh (2) Pen: Lynagh

Lansdowne Road, Dublin Attendance: 54,500 Referee: Jim Fleming (Scotland)

20 October 1991

Canada	13–29	New Zealand
Try: Tynan Charron Con: Rees Pen: Wyatt	Report	Try: Timu (2) McCahill Brooke Kirwan Con: Fox (3) Pen: Fox

Stadium Lille-Metropole, Villeneuve d'Ascq Attendance: 30,360 Referee: Fred Howard (England)

Semi-finals

26 October 1991

Scotland	6–9	England
Pen: G. Hastings (2)	Report	Pen: Webb (2) Drop: Andrew

Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh Attendance: 54,000 Referee: Kerry Fitzgerald (Australia)

27 October 1991

Australia	16–6	New Zealand
Try: Campese Horan Con: Lynagh Pen: Lynagh (2)	Report	Pen: Fox (2)

Lansdowne Road, Dublin Attendance: 54,000 Referee: Jim Fleming (Scotland)

Third-place play-off

30 October 1991

New Zealand	13–6	Scotland
Try: Little Pen: Preston (3)	Report	Pen: G. Hastings (2)

Cardiff Arms Park, Cardiff Attendance: 47,000 Referee: Stephen Hilditch (Ireland)

Final

2 November 1991

Australia	12–6	England
Try: Daly Con: Lynagh Pen: Lynagh (2)	Report	Pen: Webb (2)

Twickenham Stadium, London Attendance: 56,208 Referee: Derek Bevan (Wales)

Broadcasters

The event was broadcast in the United Kingdom by ITV who took over the rights from the BBC.

References

External links

• Official Rugby World Cup Site


• 
  Full Results and Statistics at ESPN


• 
  World Cup Referees on RugbyRefs.com