Daimyō
"Daimio" redirects here. For the skipper butterfly genus, see Daimio (butterfly). Shimazu Nariakira, Daimyō of Satsuma Domain appears in this 1857 daguerreotype by Ichiki Shirō The daimyō ( 大名 , IPA: [daimʲoː] ( listen ) ) were powerful Japanese feudal lords [1] who, until their decline in the early Meiji period, ruled most of Japan from their vast, hereditary land holdings. In the term, dai ( 大 ) means "large", and myō stands for myōden ( 名田 ) , meaning private land. [2] Subordinate only to the shōgun , daimyōs were the most powerful feudal rulers from the 10th century to the middle 19th century in Japan. From the Shugo of the Muromachi period through the Sengoku to the daimyōs of the Edo period, the rank had a long and varied history. The backgrounds of daimyō also varied considerably; while some daimyō clans, notably the Mōri, Shimazu and Hosokawa, were cadet branches of the Imperial family or were descended from the kuge , other dai...