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目前顯示的是 11月 13, 2018的文章

Hures-la-Parade

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Commune in Occitanie, France Hures-la-Parade Commune The Croix du Buffre in Hures-la-Parade Hures-la-Parade Location within Occitanie region Hures-la-Parade Coordinates: 44°14′45″N 3°21′11″E  /  44.2458°N 3.3531°E  / 44.2458; 3.3531 Coordinates: 44°14′45″N 3°21′11″E  /  44.2458°N 3.3531°E  / 44.2458; 3.3531 Country France Region Occitanie Department Lozère Arrondissement Florac Canton Florac Intercommunality Vallée de la Jonte Government  • Mayor .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal} (2008–2014) André Baret [1] Area 1 88.59 km 2 (34.20 sq mi) Population (1999) 2 177  • Density 2.0/km 2 (5.2/sq mi) Time zone UTC+1 (CET)  • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST) INSEE/Postal code 48074 /48150 Elevation 501–1,204 m (1,644–3,950 ft) (avg. 1,000 m or 3,300 ft) 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km 2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. ...

Ikonostas

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Ikonostas w cerkwi Św. Ducha w Wilnie Ikonostas cerkwi w monasterze Cocoș w Rumunii Ikonostas w byłej cerkwi w Trzcianie Ikonostas soboru Aleksandra Newskiego w Tallinnie Ikonostas w cerkwi św. Mikołaja w Hrebennem Ikonostas (gr. eikón oznaczające obraz oraz stásis , czyli pozycja, umiejscowienie ) – ozdobna, pokryta ikonami ściana we wnętrzu cerkwi, która znajduje się między miejscem ołtarzowym ( swiatłyszcze , sanktuarium, prezbiterium) a nawą ( naos ), przeznaczoną dla wiernych. Według nauki cerkwi prawosławnej sanktuarium jest symbolem nieba, miejsca szczególnego przebywania Boga. Tam kapłan sprawuje Boską Liturgię, tam znajduje się tabernakulum ( darochranitielnica ). Ikonostas wprowadza wiernych w mistykę wydarzeń dziejących się w miejscu ołtarzowym. Wierni mogą spoglądać na wizerunki świętych i proroków w celu lepszego zrozumienia Liturgii, zgodnie z poglądem, że człowiek nie jest w stanie pojąć rozumem dziejących się tam wydarzeń. Ikono...

Milice

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For other uses, see Milice (disambiguation). Milice française Flag of the Milice Active 30 January 1943  ( 1943-01-30 ) –15 August 1944  ( 1944-08-15 ) Country Vichy France Allegiance   Nazi Germany Type Paramilitary Role Anti-partisan duties in Axis-controlled France Size 25,000–30,000 March Le Chant des Cohortes Engagements Maquis des Glières Maquis du Vercors Maquis du Mont Mouchet Commanders Notable commanders Joseph Darnand The Milice française (French Militia), generally called the Milice ( French pronunciation: ​ [milis] ), was a political paramilitary organization created on 30 January 1943 by the Vichy regime (with German aid) to help fight against the French Resistance during World War II. The Milice's formal head was Prime Minister Pierre Laval, although its Chief of operations and de facto leader was Secretary General Joseph Darnand. It participated in summary executions and assassinations, helping to roun...

Groupe mobile de réserve

The Groupes mobiles de réserve (French: mobile reserve groups), often referred to as GMR, were paramilitary units created by the Vichy regime during the Second World War. Their development was the special task of René Bousquet, Vichy director-general of the French national police. Contents 1 History 2 References 3 Bibliography 4 External links History The GMR were conceived at the time as a prefiguration of the renewal of the French Army, limited to 100,000 men by the armistice with Germany, and as a force to maintain order along the lines of the Gendarmerie mobile. Since they were affiliated to the national police, they did not have military status, thereby formally respecting the terms of the armistice. The numbers of the Garde mobile had been reduced along with the army by the exigencies of the armistice. Accordingly a law was passed on 23 April 1941 to tackle the maintenance of order, mandating the creation of the GMR. According to a subsequent d...

Feldgendarmerie

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Feldgendarmerie Uniform of a Feldgendarm during World War II, including the distinctive gorget Active 1810-1812 1866–1918 1933–1945 Disbanded Nominally May 8, 1945 Completely 1946 Country   Kingdom of Saxony   German Empire   Nazi Germany Branch Heer Luftwaffe Type Military Police Role Apprehending deserters, border control and anti-partisan duties. Nickname(s) Kettenhunde (English: Chain-dog ) The Feldgendarmerie [1] were the gendarmerie; a type of military police units of the armies of the Kingdom of Saxony (from 1810), the German Empire and the Third Reich until the conclusion of World War II. Contents 1 Early history 2 Nazi Germany 3 World War II 3.1 Operations 3.2 Organization 3.3 Equipment 3.4 Weapons 4 Other military police troops 5 Postwar reorganization 6 See also 7 Notes 8 External links Early history From 1810 to 1812 Saxony, Württemberg, Prussia and Bavaria founded a...