George Darby




For the 19th-century baseball player, see George Darby (baseball).






































George Darby

Vice-Admiral George Darby.jpg
Vice-Admiral George Darby, by George Romney, c.1784

Born c.1720
Died 1790
Allegiance
 Kingdom of Great Britain
Service/branch
 Royal Navy
Years of service 1742–1782
Rank Vice Admiral
Commands held
HMS Aldborough
HMS Seahorse
HMS Norwich
HMS Devonshire
Channel Fleet
Battles/wars
Seven Years' War
American Revolutionary War

Vice Admiral George Darby (c.1720 – 1790) was a Royal Navy officer. He commanded HMS Norwich at the capture of Martinique in 1762 during the Seven Years' War. He went on to command the Channel Fleet during the American Revolutionary War and later in that war served as First Naval Lord when he commanded the force that relieved Gibraltar from its siege by the Spanish in April 1781.




Contents






  • 1 Naval career


    • 1.1 Early career


    • 1.2 American War of Independence




  • 2 Personal life


  • 3 References


  • 4 Sources


  • 5 External links





Naval career



Early career


Further information: Great Britain in the Seven Years War

Darby was the second son of Jonathan Darby (III) (d.1742/3) and Anna Marie Frend both of Leap Castle, in King's County, Ireland. He joined the Royal Navy as a volunteer in September 1742.[1] Promoted to post-captain on 12 September 1747, he received his first command, the sixth-rate HMS Aldborough.[2] He went on to become commanding officer of the sixth-rate HMS Seahorse in 1756 and of the fourth-rate HMS Norwich in 1757 in which he served under Admiral Rodney at the capture of Martinique in 1762 during the Seven Years' War.[1] After that he became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS Devonshire in 1760.[2]



American War of Independence


In the American Revolutionary War of 1775 to 1783, Admiral Keppel's resignation during the crisis following the Battle of Ushant in 1778 left a vacancy for command of the Channel Fleet. On 23 January 1778 Darby became a rear-admiral[3] and on 19 March 1779 he was promoted to vice-admiral,[4] thanks to his association with Lord Sandwich, First Lord of the Admiralty, during the court martial of Admiral Palliser. Thus he unexpectedly came to command the Channel Fleet in 1780 at a time of grave danger for the kingdom.[1]


Darby was appointed to the Board of Admiralty[5] as First Naval Lord in the North ministry in September 1780.[6] In April 1781 he relieved Gibraltar from its siege by the Spanish,[1] for the second time during that war. This event is recorded in a full-length portrait by George Romney, painted 1783–6, which hangs in the National Maritime Museum. On the change of ministry in April 1782 he resigned his command and did not again serve at sea; he also resigned his seat on the Admiralty Board. He was Member of Parliament for Plymouth, from 1780 to 1784.[1] He lived at Newtown House at Newtown in Hampshire[7] and died in 1790.[1]



Personal life


When in England he lived at Newtown House, Newtown, Hampshire and had five children. Darby was married to Mary, daughter of Sir William St Quintin, 4th Baronet and then to Ann Bridges, a widow whose brother was colonial agent and MP, Richard Jackson.[8]
Darby's male issue achieved high military rank and held significant wealth:



  • William Thomas St Quentin (1769-1805) lived at Darby House, Sunbury on Thames and later at Scampston Hall, Malton, Yorkshire
    • Colonel Matthew Chitty Downes St. Quintin (his son)


  • Major-General Matthew Chitty Darby-Griffith (1772–1823) lived at Padworth House, Berkshire



References





  1. ^ abcdef "George Darby". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 23 July 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ ab "George Darby (1720-1790)". Three Decks. Retrieved 24 July 2017.


  3. ^ "No. 11843". The London Gazette. 24 January 1778. p. 2.


  4. ^ "No. 11962". The London Gazette. 16 March 1779. p. 2.


  5. ^ "Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Retrieved 4 September 2009.


  6. ^ Rodger, p. 69


  7. ^ "George Darby". More than Nelson. Retrieved 6 August 2017.


  8. ^ "George Darby". The Peerage. Retrieved 23 July 2017.




Sources




  • Rodger, N.A.M. (1979). The Admiralty. Offices of State. Lavenham: T. Dalton Ltd. ISBN 0900963948.


  •  Laughton, John Knox (1888). "Darby, George". In Stephen, Leslie. Dictionary of National Biography. 14. London: Smith, Elder & Co.



External links


  • History of Parliament: George Darby














Military offices
Preceded by
Robert Man
First Naval Lord
1780–1782
 Succeeded by
Sir Robert Harland
Honorary titles
Preceded by
Lord Rodney
Rear-Admiral of Great Britain
1781–1790
 Succeeded by
Lord Bridport








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