Thuringian Highland






Slate houses like these in Gehren characterise many of the villages in the Thuringian Highland


The Thuringian Highland[1]Thuringian Highlands or Thuringian-Vogtlandian Slate Mountains[2] (German: Thüringer Schiefergebirge or Thüringisches Schiefergebirge, literally "Thuringian Slate Hills") is a low range of mountains in the German state of Thuringia.




Contents






  • 1 Geography


  • 2 Geology


  • 3 Rivers and hydro-electric power


  • 4 Mountains and hills


  • 5 See also


  • 6 References


  • 7 Literature


  • 8 External links





Geography


The Thuringian Highland borders on the Thuringian Forest to the southwest. It is plateau about 20 km wide that slopes southeast towards the Saale valley in the area of the Saale Dam and includes parts of the Thuringian Forest and Thuringian Highland and Upper Saale Nature Park.


The largest towns in the Thuringian Highland are Saalfeld and Bad Blankenburg which lie on its northern perimeter, Neuhaus am Rennweg in the highest region and Bad Lobenstein on the eastern edge (where it transitions into Franconian Forest).


The area includes a total of 4 smaller regions:



  • upper Saale valley

  • Plothen Lake District

  • High slate mountains

  • Sormitz-Schwarza region


The slate mountains of the Vogtland and Thuringian Highland stretch from the Thuringian Forest to the Ore Mountains (Erzgebirge). They are between about 300 m to 500 m above NN high, and comprise gently rolling hills which are part of the backbone of the Central Uplands. They extend for about 75 km from east to west and 50 km from north to south. Typical features of the landscape are the dolerite peaks or Kuppen (like the Pöhlde or the Hübel) with their wooded crests. These are made from a volcanic rock, dolerite, which is harder than the surrounding rocks and so weathers more slowly, giving rise to the characteristic Kuppen.



Geology




The Steinerne Rose, a diabase rock formation near Saalburg-Ebersdorf


As its German name suggests, the Thuringian Highland is mainly made of slate rock. Although this region was formed in a similar way to the Harz, it lacks the sharp divisions caused by fault lines. Almost all the way round the region transitions gradually into the surrounding land. The rocks found here are from the Palaeozoic era, i.e. the Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian and Lower Carboniferous periods. The most important ones are:




  • Shale,


  • Alaunschiefer,


  • Radiolarite,


  • Limestone,


  • Sandstone,


  • Greywacke,


  • Dolerite,

  • Spilite

  • and volcanic conglomerates.


Karst-forming, and hence cave-forming, limestone only occurs in a few, small, isolated areas. As a result the number of caves is very low.



Rivers and hydro-electric power


In the Saale Valley there are two of the largest dams in Germany, which form the Hohenwarte and Bleiloch Reservoirs. In the Schwarza Valley there is the Goldisthal Pumped Storage Station, opened in 2003, which is one of the largest pumped-storage hydro-electric power stations in Europe.



Mountains and hills


Around the steep-sided valleys of the Schwarza and Saale the height difference between hilltops and valley bottoms is often as much as 300 m or more, which is large for hills of this size.




  1. Großer Farmdenkopf (869 m), Sonneberg district


  2. Kieferle (867 m), Sonneberg district


  3. Bleßberg (865 m), Hildburghausen district


  4. Dürre Fichte (861 m), Sonneberg district


  5. Breitenberg (Thuringian Forest) (844 m), Sonneberg district

  6. Fellberg (842 m), Steinach, Sonneberg district


  7. Eselsberg (842 m), Hildburghausen district, Thuringian Forest/Thuringian Highland border


  8. Pechleite (839 m), Hildburghausen district


  9. Fehrenberg (835 m), Hildburghausen district, Thuringian Forest/Thuringian Highland border


  10. Hoher Schuß (827 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  11. Wurzelberg (820 m), Sonneberg district


  12. Jagdschirm (813 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  13. Hintere Haube (811 m), Ilm district


  14. Langer Berg (809 m), Ilm district


  15. Hettstädt (808 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  16. Rauhhügel (802 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  17. Roter Berg (799 m), Sonneberg district


  18. Wetzstein (791 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  19. Meuselbacher Kuppe (786 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  20. Fröbelturm (784 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  21. Grendel (784 m), Hildburghausen district


  22. Spitzer Berg (781 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  23. Simmersberg (781 m), Landkr. Hildburghausen, Thuringian Forest/Thuringian Highland border


  24. Himmelsleiter (Berg) (774 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  25. Töpfersbühl (762 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  26. Sieglitzberg (733 m), Saale-Orla district


  27. Kirchberg (Thuringia) (725,3 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  28. Rosenberg (Thuringian Highland) (716 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  29. Großer Mühlberg (714 m), Sonneberg district


  30. Quittelsberg (709 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  31. Bocksberg (696 m), Sonneberg district


  32. Auf der Heide (668 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  33. Beerberg (667 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  34. Barigauer Höhe (665 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  35. Zipptanskuppe (657 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  36. Rosenbühl (653 m), Saale-Orla district


  37. Keilsburg (648 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  38. Eisenberg (636 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  39. Talberg (602 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  40. Batzenberg (588 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  41. Schwarzer Berg (Thuringia) (582 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  42. Elmischer Berg (529 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  43. Geiersberg (520 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  44. Rabenhügel (506 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  45. Roderberg (502 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  46. Sommerberg (493 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district


  47. Ziegenberg (460 m), Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district



See also


  • Thuringian Forest


References




  1. ^ Dickinson, Robert E. (1964). Germany: A regional and economic geography (2nd ed.). London: Methuen. p. 629..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Kohl, Horst; Marcinek, Joachim and Nitz, Bernhard (1986). Geography of the German Democratic Republic, VEB Hermann Haack, Gotha, p. 7 ff.
    ISBN 978-3-7301-0522-1.



Literature



  • Ernst Kaiser: Thüringerwald und Schiefergebirge, 2. verb. und erg. Aufl., Gotha 1955.

  • Adolf Hanle (Hrsg.): Thüringerwald und Schiefergebirge, Mannheim u.a. 1992.
    ISBN 3-411-07191-5



External links


  • Thuringian Highland Nature Park


Coordinates: 50°30′N 11°10′E / 50.500°N 11.167°E / 50.500; 11.167









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