Hefei
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Hefei .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal} 合肥市 | |
|---|---|
Prefecture-level city | |
 Montage of Hefei. Clockwise from top: Swan Lake Eastbank CBD, Dashushan, City God Temple of Luzhou-Fu and Downtown Hefei. | |
 Location of Hefei City jurisdiction in Anhui | |
  Hefei Location in China | |
| Coordinates: 31°52′N 117°17′E / 31.867°N 117.283°E / 31.867; 117.283Coordinates: 31°52′N 117°17′E / 31.867°N 117.283°E / 31.867; 117.283 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Anhui |
| County-level divisions | 7 |
| Government | |
| • CPC Committee Secretary | Song Guoquan (宋国权) |
| • Mayor | Ling Yun (凌云) |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 11,434.25 km2 (4,414.79 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 725 km2 (280 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 438.2 km2 (169.2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 37 m (123 ft) |
| Population (2016 Sampling) | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 7,869,000 |
| • Density | 690/km2 (1,800/sq mi) |
| • Urban (2018)[1] | 3,865,000 |
| • Urban density | 5,300/km2 (14,000/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,718,000 |
| • Metro density | 8,500/km2 (22,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 230000 |
| Area code(s) | 551 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-AH-01 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 皖A |
GDP (2016) | CNY 721.3 billion |
| - per capita | CNY 92000 |
| Website | hefei.gov.cn |
City trees Southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora L.) City flowers Sweet Osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans Lour.) Blossom of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) | |
| Hefei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 "Hefei" in Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 合肥 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Postal | Hofei | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "Junction of the Fei [Rivers]" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hefei (/həˈfeɪ/, Chinese: 合肥) is the capital and largest city of Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.[2] A prefecture-level city, it is the political, economic, and cultural center of Anhui. Located in the central portion of the province, it borders Huainan to the north, Chuzhou to the northeast, Wuhu to the southeast, Tongling to the south, Anqing to the southwest and Lu'an to the west.
Contents
1 History
2 Geography
2.1 Climate
2.2 Air Pollution
3 Administrative divisions and demographics
3.1 Demographics
3.2 Administration
4 Economy
5 Transportation
5.1 Land
5.2 Subway
5.3 Bus
6 Research
7 Universities
8 Yicheng Prison
9 Sport
10 Sites of interest
11 Notable people
12 Sister Cities
13 See also
14 References
15 External links
History
Old Hefei Map with wall
From the 8th to the 6th centuries BC, Hefei was the site of many small states, later a part of the Chu kingdom. Many archaeological finds dating from this period have been made. The name 'Hefei' was first given to the county set up in the area under the Han dynasty in the 2nd century BC.
In the 3rd century AD, the Battle of Xiaoyao Ford was fought at Xiaoyao Ford (逍遙津) in Hefei. Zhang Liao, a general of the Wei state, led 800 picked cavalry to defeat the 200,000-strong army from Wei’s rival state Wu. Several decades of warring in Hefei between Wu and Wei followed this battle.
During the 4th to the 6th centuries AD, this crucial border region between northern and southern states was much fought over; its name and administrative status were consequently often changed. During the Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907) periods, it became the seat of Lu prefecture—a title it kept until the 15th century, when it became a superior prefecture named Luzhou.
The present city dates from the Song dynasty (960–1126), the earlier Hefei having been some distance farther north. In the 10th year of Xining (熙宁十年,1077 AD), the taxes collected from the Luchow Prefecture were 50315 Guan, approximately 25 million today's Chinese Yuan, with a ranking of the amount of taxes was the 11th(following Kaifeng, Hangzhou, Qinzhou, Chuzhou, Chengdu, Zizhou, Xingyuan, Mianzhou, Zhenzhou, Suzhou) among all the prefectures of Song Dynasty. During the 10th century, it was for a while the capital of the independent Wu kingdom (902–938) and was an important center of the Southern Tang state (937–975).
After 1127 it became a center of the defenses of the Southern Song dynasty (1126–1279) against the Jin (Jurchen) invaders in the Jin–Song wars, as well as a flourishing center of trade between the two states. When the Chinese Republic was founded in 1911, the superior prefecture was abolished, and the city took the name of Hefei. The city was known as Luchow or Liu-tcheou[3] (庐州, p Luzhou) during the Ming and Qing dynasties (after the 14th century to the 19th century). Hefei was the temporary capital for Anhui from 1853 to 1862. It was renamed as Hefei County in 1912. Following the Chinese victory in the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1945, Hefei was made the capital of Anhui.
Before World War II, Hefei remained essentially an administrative center and the regional market for the fertile plain to the south. It was a collecting center for grain, beans, cotton, and hemp, as well as a center for handicraft industries manufacturing cloth, leather, bamboo goods, and ironware.
The construction in 1912 of the Tianjin–Pukou railway, farther east, for a while made Hefei a provincial backwater, and much of its importance passed to Bengbu. In 1932–36, however, a Chinese company built a railway linking Hefei with Yuxikou (on the Yangtze opposite Wuhu) to the southeast and with the Huai River at Huainan to the north. While this railway was built primarily to exploit the rich coalfield in northern Anhui, it also did much to revive the economy of the Hefei area by taking much of its produce to Wuhu and Nanjing.
Although Hefei was a quiet market town of only about 30,000 in the mid-1930s, its population grew more than tenfold in the following 20 years. The city's administrative role was strengthened by the transfer of the provincial government from Anqing in 1949, but much of its new growth derived from its development as an industrial city. A cotton mill was opened in 1958, and a thermal generating plant, using coal from Huainan, was established in the early 1950s. It also became the seat of an industry producing industrial chemicals and chemical fertilizers. In the late 1950s an iron and steel complex was built. In addition to a machine-tool works and engineering and agricultural machinery factories, the city has developed an aluminum industry and a variety of light industries. There are several universities based in the city.
Geography
Hefei is located 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Nanjing in south-central Anhui. Chao Lake, a lake 15 km (9 mi) southeast of the city, is one of the largest fresh water lakes in China. Though, the lake has unfortunately been polluted with nitrogen and phosphorus, in recent decades,[citation needed] the situation is improving due to efforts by both the government and the people.
Climate
Hefei features a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) with four distinct seasons. Hefei's annual average temperature is 16.18 °C (61.1 °F). Its annual precipitation is just slightly over 1,000 millimetres (39 in), being heavier from May through August. Winters are damp and cold, with January lows dipping just below freezing and January averaging 2.8 °C (37.0 °F). The city sees irregular snowfalls that rarely turn significant. Springs are generally relatively pleasant if somewhat erratic. Summers here are oppressively hot and humid, with a July average of 28.3 °C (82.9 °F). In the months of June, July, August, and often September, daily temperatures can reach or surpass 37 °C (99 °F) with high humidity levels being the norm. Autumn in Hefei sees a gradual cooling and drying. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 35 percent in March to 50 percent in August, the city receives 1,868 hours of bright sunshine annually. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from −20.6 °C (−5 °F) on 6 January 1955 to 41.1 °C (106 °F) on 27 July 2017.[4]
| Climate data for Hefei (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.2 (68.4) | 27.5 (81.5) | 30.4 (86.7) | 34.7 (94.5) | 36.4 (97.5) | 37.8 (100) | 41.1 (106) | 41.0 (105.8) | 38.6 (101.5) | 34.7 (94.5) | 30.1 (86.2) | 22.5 (72.5) | 41.1 (106) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 6.9 (44.4) | 9.4 (48.9) | 14.4 (57.9) | 21.1 (70) | 26.6 (79.9) | 29.3 (84.7) | 32.2 (90) | 31.8 (89.2) | 27.8 (82) | 22.5 (72.5) | 16.0 (60.8) | 9.7 (49.5) | 20.6 (69.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.8 (37) | 5.2 (41.4) | 9.8 (49.6) | 16.3 (61.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 25.3 (77.5) | 28.3 (82.9) | 27.6 (81.7) | 23.3 (73.9) | 17.7 (63.9) | 11.0 (51.8) | 5.1 (41.2) | 16.2 (61.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) | 1.9 (35.4) | 6.1 (43) | 12.2 (54) | 17.6 (63.7) | 21.7 (71.1) | 25.2 (77.4) | 24.3 (75.7) | 19.8 (67.6) | 13.8 (56.8) | 7.1 (44.8) | 1.6 (34.9) | 12.6 (54.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −20.6 (−5.1) | −14.1 (6.6) | −7.3 (18.9) | −0.4 (31.3) | 6.2 (43.2) | 12.2 (54) | 17.9 (64.2) | 15.8 (60.4) | 10.8 (51.4) | 1.5 (34.7) | −5.1 (22.8) | −13.5 (7.7) | −20.6 (−5.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 42.4 (1.67) | 52.3 (2.06) | 76.6 (3.02) | 81.4 (3.2) | 91.1 (3.59) | 142.9 (5.63) | 173.3 (6.82) | 126.0 (4.96) | 67.2 (2.65) | 57.4 (2.26) | 59.4 (2.34) | 30.8 (1.21) | 1,000.8 (39.41) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.2 | 8.9 | 11.6 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 12.1 | 11.0 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 7.6 | 6.0 | 112.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 75 | 74 | 72 | 71 | 71 | 76 | 80 | 81 | 77 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 75 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 118.7 | 113.5 | 138.6 | 168.0 | 190.9 | 165.5 | 189.2 | 190.9 | 153.8 | 154.4 | 148.7 | 135.8 | 1,868 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 38 | 37 | 35 | 42 | 44 | 41 | 46 | 50 | 43 | 46 | 48 | 46 | 43 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6] | |||||||||||||
Air Pollution
Air quality typically diminishes in May and June when the city is blanketed by smog caused by the smoke generated as farmers outside the city burn their fields in preparation for planting the next crop. A dense wave of smog began in Hefei surrounding Anhui as well as other Chinese major cities including Shanghai and Tianjin.
Administrative divisions and demographics
Demographics
The majority of the population in Hefei are Han Chinese. There are a comparatively small number of Hui Chinese living in the city, for whom a few mosques have been constructed. Of the more than five million people in the city, some are migrant workers from other parts of Anhui.
Administration
The prefecture-level city of Hefei administers 9 county-level divisions, including 4 districts, 1 County-city and 4 counties.
Hefei subdivisions area (km²), population (According to 2010 Census) and population density (per km²).[7]
| Map | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Chao Lake Yaohai Luyang Shushan Baohe Changfeng County Feidong County Feixi County Lujiang County Chaohu (city) | ||||||||||||
Division code[8] | English | Chinese | Pinyin | Area in km2[9] | Seat | Postal code | Subdivisions[10] | |||||
Subdistricts | Towns | Townships | Ethnic townships | Residential communities | Villages | |||||||
| 340100 | Hefei | 合肥市 | Héféi Shì | 11434.25 | Shushan District | 230000 | 45 | 65 | 19 | 1 | 736 | 1102 |
| 340102 | Yaohai District | 瑶海区 | Yáohǎi Qū | 142.90 | Mingguang Road Subdistrict (明光路街道) | 230000 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 118 | 18 | |
| 340103 | Luyang District | 庐阳区 | Lúyáng Qū | 139.32 | Bozhou Road Subdistrict (亳州路街道) | 230000 | 11 | 1 | 84 | 14 | ||
| 340104 | Shushan District | 蜀山区 | Shǔshān Qū | 261.36 | Sanli'an Subdistrict (三里庵街道) | 230000 | 8 | 2 | 92 | 17 | ||
| 340111 | Baohe District | 包河区 | Bāohé Qū | 294.94 | Luogang Subdistrict (骆岗街道) | 230000 | 7 | 2 | 77 | 38 | ||
| 340121 | Changfeng County | 长丰县 | Chángfēng Xiàn | 1928.45 | Shuihu (水湖镇) | 231100 | 8 | 6 | 80 | 193 | ||
| 340122 | Feidong County | 肥东县 | Féidōng Xiàn | 2205.92 | Dianbu (店埠镇) | 231200 | 10 | 4 | 95 | 249 | ||
| 340123 | Feixi County | 肥西县 | Féixī Xiàn | 2082.66 | Shangpai (上派镇) | 231600 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 90 | 241 | |
| 340124 | Lujiang County | 庐江县 | Lújiāng Xiàn | 2347.48 | Lucheng (庐城镇) | 231500 | 17 | 38 | 194 | |||
| 340181 | Chaohu | 巢湖市 | Cháohú Shì | 2031.22 | Woniushan Subdistrict (卧牛山街道) | 238000 | 6 | 11 | 1 | 62 | 138 | |
Economy
The GDP was ¥627.43 billion (ca. US$91.12 billion) in 2016.
Before the Chinese civil war Hefei's main industry was agriculture. After World War II, the capital of Anhui was moved from Anqing to Hefei. To assist the development of the city, many talented people were sent in from other parts of the country. Modern-day Hefei has machinery, electronics, chemistry, steel, textile, and cigarette industries, among others.
In the summer of 2005, the municipal government implemented changes designed to beautify the city by demolishing thousands of illegally built structures, and clearing away long-established marketplaces in many parts of the city. While these actions removed many unlicensed, and often poorly-constructed food stalls which had been contributing to the spread of disease and which posed fire hazards, these changes also removed longstanding businesses that had lined many streets throughout the city overnight. The impact on the local economy was felt immediately as hundreds, if not thousands, of low paid workers no longer had employment.
Hefei has been identified by the Economist Intelligence Unit in the November 2010 Access China White Paper as a member of the CHAMPS (Chongqing, Hefei, Anshan, Ma'anshan, Pingdingshan and Shenyang), an economic profile of the top 20 emerging cities in China.[11]
Hefei was identified by The Economist in December 2012 as the world's No.1 fastest growing metropolitan economy.[12]
Transportation
Hefei South Railway Station
Hefei has been the provincial capital since 1945 (before it was Lihuang, which is today's Jinzhai) and is a natural center of transportation, being situated to the north of Lake Chao and standing on a low saddle crossing the northeastern extension of the Dabie Mountains, which form the divide between the Huai and Yangtze rivers. From Hefei there is easy water transport via the lake to the Yangtze River opposite Wuhu.
Land
Important land routes run through Hefei, including:
1. G3 Beijing-Taipei Expressway (京台高速公路 From Beijing to Pingtan, and was designed to cross the Taiwan Strait to connect the highways in Taipei)
2. G40 Shanghai-Xi'an Expressway (沪陕高速公路 From Shanghai to Xi'an)
3. G42 Shanghai-Chengdu Expressway (沪蓉高速公路 From Shanghai to Chengdu)
4. G4212 Hefei-Anqing Expressway (合安高速公路 From Hefei to Anqing, a spur of G42)
5. G5011 Wuhu-Hefei Expressway (芜合高速公路 From Wuhu to Hefei, a spur of G50)
6. China National Highway 206 (烟汕线 From Yantai to Shantou)
7. China National Highway 312 (沪霍线 From Shanghai to Khorgas)
8. China National Highway 346 (沪康线 From Shanghai to Ankang)
9. S24 Changshu-Hefei Expressway (常合高速公路 From Changshu to Hefei)
10.S17 Bengbu-Hefei Expressway (蚌合高速公路 From Bengbu to Hefei)
11. G3W Dezhou-Shangrao Expressway (德上高速公路 From Dezhou to Shangrao)
There are two main train stations in Hefei. The newest one is Hefei South railway station (Hefeinan station, 合肥火车南站) where most high-speed trains pass through. Many city buses serve this station, for instance the 108 from the East gate of the University of Science and Technology's East campus on Susong road. It has a very comprehensive taxi rank with multiple queues to avoid a long wait. There are many fast food restaurants in the departure hall with seating. There are not so many options for arrivals, a small cafe and a takeaway kfc booth. There is an ATM in the ticket sales area next to the security gates for the departure hall.
The alternative station is Hefei railway station (合肥火车站) which is smaller and older. This has only one taxi queue, directly opposite the main exit. There is fast food, a post office and a China mobile store in the same courtyard next to the arrival gates.
There are some small stations such as Feidong Station (肥东火车站), Feixi Station (肥西火车站), Shuijiahu Station (水家湖火车站), Chaohu Station (巢湖火车站), Chaohu East railway station (Chaohudong station; 巢湖火车东站), Hefeibeicheng Station (Hefei Northtown Station 合肥北城火车站), Lujiang Station (庐江火车站) and so on. These stations are mostly located in small towns or played commuting roles.
Important railways that run through Hefei, including:
1. Shanghai-Wuhan-Chengdu High-Speed Railway (沪汉蓉高速铁路)
2. Hefei-Fuzhou High-Speed Railway (合福高速铁路 Play as part of Beijing-Taipei High-Speed Railway)
3. Hefei-Bengbu High-Speed Railway (合蚌高速铁路 A spur of Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway)
4. Shangqiu-Hefei-Hanzhou High-Speed Railway (商合杭高速铁路 The northern part, Shangqiu-Hefei High-Speed Railway will play as a part of Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway. Under Construction)
5. Hefei-Anqing-Jiujiang High-Speed Railway (合安九高速铁路 Play as a part of Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway. Under Construction)
6. Hefei-Qingdao High-Speed Railway (合青高速铁路 Proposed)
7. Nanjing-Xi'an High-Speed Railway (宁西高速铁路 Proposed)
8. Huainan Raiway (淮南铁路 From Huainan-Wuhu)
9. Hefei-Jiujiang Railway (合九铁路)
10. Nanjing-Xi'an Railway (宁西铁路)
11. Lujiang-Tongling Raiway (庐铜铁路 Under Construction)
In 2008 the thoroughfare Chang Jiang Road (Chinese: 长江路; pinyin: Chángjiāng lù) is undergoing a renovation project to widen the roads and to create a bus route in the center of the road, with bus stations at islands that are connected to the sidewalks by skyways. The First Ring Road is also undergoing construction, with traffic lights being replaced by overpasses and ramps built to connect the First Ring Road and all major intersecting roads. Both projects are intended to ease the traffic Hefei now experiences at rush hour.
Hefei Xinqiao International Airport replaced the old Hefei Luogang International Airport and started its operation on May 30, 2013 00:00. This new domestic aviation hub is located in Gaoliu Village situated in the northwestern part of Hefei City. The first arriving flight was China Eastern Airlines flight MU5172 from Beijing Capital International Airport. The first departing flight was China Eastern Airlines MU5468 to Shanghai Pudong International Airport.
Hefei Xinqiao International Airport provides scheduled passenger service to major airports in China and other international cities. Destinations include Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore, Taipei (Taoyuan, Songshan), Kaohsiung, Taichung, Seoul, Cheongju, Yangyang, Jeju, Osaka, Nagoya, Shizuoka, Okayama, Boracay Island, Bali Island, Frankfurt, Siem Reap, Bangkok, Phuket Island and Krabi Island.
Subway
Hefei Metro is a rapid transit rail network under construction that will eventually serve both urban and rural areas of Hefei. As planned, Line 1 covers a total distance of 24 kilometres (15 miles) starting from Hefei Railway Station. It was inaugurated in December 2016.
In February 2013, Metro Line 2 also began its construction. It is being built alongside the Changjiang Dong Road, Changjiang Zhong Road and Changjiang Xi Road, which is a major passenger corridor in the east-west direction. It will pass through the city center area and connect to a transit point where passengers will be able to take the shuttle bus to Hefei Xinqiao International Airport. The Line 2 was opened on December 26, 2017.
In November 2015, Metro Line 3 construction began. Line 3 is expected to open in 2020. Line 3 will connect the New Station Exploitative-experimental Zone and the Economic Technology Development District, from the vocational education town to the university town.
Alongside Line 1, Line 2 and Line 3, Hefei is also planning to build other 12 metro lines, 4 lines of intra-metropolitan rail transit (to Lu'an, Huainan, Lujiang and Chaohu) and 3 lines of tram and hopefully accomplish the project by 2030.
Bus
There are 4 major lines of Bus Rapid Transit in Hefei, including:
Bus Rapid Transit Line 1 (B1): from the downtown to the Binhu New Area. (Chinese: 滨湖新区; pinyin: Bīnhú Xīn Qū)
Bus Rapid Transit Line 3 (K3): from downtown to the Beicheng New Area (Northtown New Area 北城新区)
Bus Rapid Transit Line 4 (BRT4 or 快4): from downtown to the Shuxi Newtown (West of Dashu Hill Newtown 蜀西新城)
Bus Rapid Transit Line 5 (BRT5 or 快5): from downtown to Longgang Development Zone (龙岗开发区)
And there are several commuter lines operating, which only run at designated time or having a large interval, including:
T1 from West Bus Terminus (汽车客运西站) to No.7 High School New Campus (七中新区), T2 from Liushutang (柳树塘) to No.7 High School New Campus, T3 from North Square of Hefei Railway Station (火车站北广场) to Hefei Economic and Trade Tourism School (合肥经贸旅游学校), T5 from North Square of Hefei Railway Station to Gongda Vocational and Technical College (共达学院), T6 from North Square of Hefei Raiway Station to Hefei Industrial School (合肥工业学校), T7 from Hefeinan Raiway Station (合肥南站) to University Park (大学城), T8 from Gedadian (葛大店) to E-Commerce Park of the Youth (青年电商园), T9 from Public Transportation Group (No.2 Hospital) (公交集团或市二院) to No.10 High School New Campus (合肥十中新区), T10 from Shifu Square (市府广场) to No.10 High School New Campus, T12 from Anjuyuan(安居苑) to Provincial Administration Center (省行政中心), T13 from CPPCC of Anhui Province (省政协) to Provincial Administration Center, T15 from Binhu Vanke City (滨湖万科城) to Provincial Administration Center, T16 from Wanghucheng (望湖城) to Provincial Administration Center, T18 as a loop line of the CBD of Binhu New Area (滨湖CBD/滨湖核心区), T19 as a loop line of the Promoting Zone of Binhu New Area (滨湖启动区), T21 from Cuozhen (撮镇) to Fuxing Community (复兴社区), T22 from Shuidong Rd. (水东路) to Sanlian University Branch Campus (三联学院分校), T24 from Cuozhen to Qiaotouji (桥头集), T26 from Feihe (淝河镇) to Hefei International Port (合肥国际港).[13]
Research
Hefei plays an important role in scientific research in China. It has seven national laboratories, second only to Beijing: The National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (Chinese: 国家同步辐射实验室; pinyin: Guójiā tóngbù fúshè shíyàn shì), the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (Chinese: 微尺度物质科学国家实验室; pinyin: Wēi chǐdù wùzhí kēxué guójiā shíyàn shì), both of which are under the University of Science and Technology of China. It also has the Institute of Solid State Physics, Institute of Plasma Physics, Institute of Intelligent Machines, High Magnetic Field Laboratory (founded in 2008), Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, all of which are under the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science which belongs to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Hefei is the location of Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, an experimental superconducting tokamak magnetic fusion energy reactor.
The No. 105 Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, located in Hefei, is reportedly the site of the first human trials using CRISPR genome editing, doing so in 2015.[14]
Universities
An overview of USTC, including the Teaching Building II and the library
University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)
Hefei University of Technology (HFUT)
Anhui University (AHU)
Anhui Agricultural University (AHAU)
Anhui Medical University (AHMU)
Anhui University of Chinese Medicine (AUCM)
Anhui Jianzhu University (AHJU)
Hefei Normal University (HNU)
Hefei University (HU)
Beihang University (BUAA) - Hefei Campus
National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) - Hefei Campus
Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU) - Hefei Campus
Tianjin University (TJU) - Hefei Graduate School
Peking University (PKU) - Hefei Graduate School
Tsinghua University (THU) - Hefei Institute of Public Safety Research
Yicheng Prison
Yicheng Prison is located within the city. It was built during the 1983 "Strike Hard" campaign and was formerly Hefei Zhenxing Machine Parts Factory. On June 15, 1984 the Prov. Justice Dept. decided to change the name of the Machine Parts Factory's Internal Dept. to the Prov. Independent LRC. On March 17, 1986, the City's Party Committee and government agreed to the change. On April 26 more than 400 inmates were transferred to Hefei Shangzhangwei Farm and Baihu Farm. In February 1992 a secondary country level prison was created at the Shangzhangwei Farm. In August 1992 the Hefei City LRD level was upgraded by the government. June 1996 the prison was changed to its present name. It is currently controlled by Hefei city. It mainly houses prisoners with sentences of less than 5 years and houses up to 1000 prisoners a year. In the past 20 years, nearly 20,000 inmates have completed their sentences here. The prison mainly cultivates vegetables and rice but also cooperates with the Zhejiang Rongguang Group and produces soccer training shoes, soccer balls, tourism products, and other products.[15]
Sport
Hefei has its own football team called Anhui Jiufang, who in the 2007–08 season were promoted from the Chinese Football Association Yi League to the Chinese Football Association Jia League which is the second highest tier of Chinese football.It was acquired by Tianjin Runyulong in 2011.
Sites of interest
Baohe Village (simplified Chinese: 包河浮庄; traditional Chinese: 包河浮莊; pinyin: Bāo hé fú zhuāng)
Fuzhuang in winter
Sanhe Town, ancient town which has a history of more than 2,500 years.
Xiaoyaojin Park, a public park sitting on the ancient site of the Battle of Xiaoyao Ford.- Temple of Lord Bao, built in 1066 near the tomb of Lord Bao.
Li Hongzhang's Former Residence (Chinese: 李鸿章故居; pinyin: Lǐhóngzhāng gùjū), built in the late 19th century and fully restored by the 1990s.- Hui Garden (Chinese: 徽园; pinyin: Huī yuán) (Opened to the public in September 2001)
- Children's Welfare Institute (a.k.a. "Social Welfare Institute"), children's orphanage
Anhui Laomingguang Stadium, the home ground of Anhui Jiufang, but also used for other public sporting events.
Notable people
Bao Zheng (999–1062), Northern Song dynasty bureaucrat and judge whose name has become synonymous with judicial wisdom and uprightness.
Chen Ning Yang, (b. 1922), 1957 Nobel Physics Prize laureate, for their work on parity nonconservation of weak interaction. One of the two earliest Chinese to receive the prize.
Han Qizhi, (b. 1970), first person to climb up the tallest building in China.
Li Hongzhang (1823–1901), prominent late Qing dynasty bureaucrat and diplomat.
Duan Qirui (1865–1936), the Provisional Chief Executive of Republic of China (in Beijing) from November 24, 1924 to April 20, 1926.
Yang Yuanqing (b. 1964), Chairman of Board of Lenovo.
Liu Mingchuan (1836–1896). Statesman during the late Qing dynasty, first governor of Taiwan.
Jin Jing (b. 1981), Paralympic fencer.
Chen Xiao (b. 1987), Chinese actor.
Yang Yang (b. 1991), Chinese actor.
Sister Cities
Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan [16]
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See also
- List of twin towns and sister cities in China
References
^ Cox, W (2018). Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ "Illuminating China's Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions". PRC Central Government Official Website. Retrieved 2014-05-17.
^ Inter alia: Mitchell Sr., S.A. A New Universal Atlas Containing Maps of the various Empires, Kingdoms, States and Republics Of The World. "China." Entered 1850, Published 1853.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-03-18. Retrieved 2014-01-01.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^
中国气象局 国家气象信息中心 (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-03-18. Retrieved 2010-05-24.
^ 中国气象数据网 - WeatherBk Data. China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2018-11-09.
^ (in Chinese) Compilation by LianXin website. Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China Archived 2012-03-25 at the Wayback Machine.
^ 国家统计局统计用区划代码 Archived 2013-04-05 at the Wayback Machine.
^ 《合肥统计年鉴2011》
^ 《中国民政统计年鉴2011》
^ "THE RISE OF THE 'CHAMPS' - NEW REPORT MAPS BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY IN CHINA'S FASTEST GROWING CITIES".
^ "Metro economies".
^ 合肥公交集团有限公司.
^ Rana, Preetika; Marcus, Amy Dockser; Fan, Wenxin (January 21, 2018). "China, Unhampered by Rules, Races Ahead in Gene-Editing Trials". The Wall Street Journal.Later in 2016, news reports said a Chinese hospital had begun the world’s first Crispr trial. In fact, it wasn’t first—No. 105 Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army in Hefei began testing Crispr on patients in 2015, says Liu Bo, who leads that trial.
^ "Laogai Handbook 2007-2008" (PDF). Laogao.it. Retrieved 2015-06-18.
^ 友好都市. Kurume city. Retrieved 2015-02-24.
^ "Hefei, China – Columbus Sister Cities". columbussistercities.com.
External links
 | Look up hefei in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hefei. |
Hefei travel guide from Wikivoyage- Hefei Online Government
Hefei travel guide from WikivoyageLargest cities or municipalities in China Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (2010) Urban area population[1][2] | |||||||||
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Rank | Name | Province | Pop. | Rank | Name | Province | Pop. | ||
 Shanghai  Beijing | 1 | Shanghai | Municipality of China | 20,217,748 | 11 | Chongqing | Municipality of China | 6,263,790 |  Shenzhen  Guangzhou |
| 2 | Beijing | Municipality of China | 16,446,857 | 12 | Nanjing | Jiangsu | 5,827,888 | ||
| 3 | Shenzhen | Guangdong | 10,358,381 | 13 | Shenyang | Liaoning | 5,718,232 | ||
| 4 | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 9,702,144 | 14 | Xi'an | Shaanxi | 5,206,253 | ||
| 5 | Tianjin | Municipality of China | 9,562,255 | 15 | Hangzhou | Zhejiang | 5,162,093 | ||
| 6 | Wuhan | Hubei | 7,541,527 | 16 | Harbin | Heilongjiang | 4,933,054 | ||
| 7 | Dongguan | Guangdong | 7,271,322 | 17 | Dalian | Liaoning | 3,902,467 | ||
| 8 | Hong Kong | SAR of China | 7,071,576 | 18 | Zhengzhou | Henan | 3,677,032 | ||
| 9 | Foshan | Guangdong | 6,771,895 | 19 | Shantou | Guangdong | 3,644,017 | ||
| 10 | Chengdu | Sichuan | 6,316,922 | 20 | Jinan | Shandong | 3,527,566 | ||
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^ 中国2010年人口普查分县资料. Compiled by 国务院人口普查办公室 [Department of Population Census of the State Council], 国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编 [Department of Population and Social Science and Statistics, National Bureau of Statistics]. Beijing: 中国统计出版社 [China Statistics Print]. 2012. ISBN 978-7-5037-6659-6.
^ Chongqing core districts urban area are consist of nine districts: Yuzhong, Dadukou, Jiangbei, Shapingba, Jiulongpo, Nan'an, Beibei, Yubei, & Banan.
