C minor
Relative key | E♭ major |
---|---|
Parallel key | C major |
Dominant key | G minor |
Subdominant | F minor |
Component pitches | |
C, D, E♭, F, G, A♭, B♭ |
C minor is a minor scale based on C, consisting of the pitches C, D, E♭, F, G, A♭, and B♭. Its key signature consists of three flats. Its relative major is E♭ major and its parallel major is C major.
The C natural minor scale is:
Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The C harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
Contents
1 Characteristics
2 Notable compositions
3 See also
4 External links
Characteristics
In the Baroque period, music in C minor was usually written with a two-flat key signature, and some modern editions of that repertoire retain that convention.
Joseph Haydn wrote the first piano sonata, No. 20, in C minor (H.XVI No. 20). Of the two piano concertos that Mozart wrote in a minor key, one of them (No. 24, K. 491) is in C minor.
Beethoven wrote some of his most characteristic works in the key of C minor, including the Symphony No. 5 and no fewer than three piano sonatas. (See Beethoven and C minor.)
Brahms's first symphony and first string quartet were composed in C minor; these were both genres with which Beethoven was closely associated during Brahms's lifetime.
Three of Anton Bruckner's ten numbered symphonies are in C minor, as are two of Dmitri Shostakovich's symphonies.
Notable compositions
Charles-Valentin Alkan
- Trois études de bravoure, Tre scherzi ou Caprices, Op. 16, No. 2
- Bourrée d'Auvergne Op. 28
- Prelude Op. 31, No. 16 (Assez lentement)
- Symphony for Solo Piano, 1st movement: Allegro
- Trois grandes études, Op. 76, No. 3 "Mouvement semblable et perpetuel" (Rondo-Toccata) for the hands reunited
Johannes Sebastian Bach
- Passacaglia and Fugue in C minor, BWV 582
- Cello Suite No. 5, BWV 1011
The Musical Offering, BWV 1079
Ludwig van Beethoven
- Piano Sonata No. 5
- Piano Sonata No. 8 (Pathétique)
- Piano Concerto No. 3
- Symphony No. 5
- Choral Fantasy
- Piano Sonata No. 32
Johannes Brahms
- Symphony No. 1
- String Quartet Op. 51/1
- Piano Trio No. 3
- Piano Quartet No. 3
Anton Bruckner
- Symphony No. 1
- Symphony No. 2
- Symphony No. 8
Frédéric Chopin
- Rondo Op. 1
- Piano Sonata No. 1
- Étude Op. 10, No. 12 (Revolutionary)
- Étude Op. 25, No. 12 (Ocean)
- Prélude Op. 28, No. 20 "Funeral March"
- Nocturne in C minor, Op. 48, No. 1
- Mazurka Op. 56, No. 3
Gabriel Fauré
Élégie, Op. 24
Franz Liszt
Transcendental Étude No. 8 "Wilde Jagd"
Gustav Mahler
- Symphony No. 2 "Auferstehung"
Felix Mendelssohn
- Symphony No. 1
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- Great Mass in C minor
- Piano Concerto No. 24
Sergei Prokofiev
- Symphony No. 3, Op. 44
Sergei Rachmaninoff
- Piano Concerto No. 2
Camille Saint-Saëns
- Symphony No. 3 (Organ Symphony)
Dmitri Shostakovich
- String Quartet No. 8
- Symphony No. 4
- Symphony No. 8
See also
- Key (music)
- Major and minor
- Chord (music)
- Chord names and symbols (popular music)
External links
Media related to C minor at Wikimedia Commons
Diatonic scales and keys | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The table indicates the number of sharps or flats in each scale. Minor scales are written in lower case. |