C minor




This article is about the C minor scale. For the chord C minor, see minor chord.
























C minor
E-flat-major c-minor.svg
Relative key E♭ major
Parallel key C major
Dominant key G minor
Subdominant F minor
Component pitches
C, D, E♭, F, G, A♭, B♭

C minor is a minor scale based on C, consisting of the pitches C, D, E♭, F, G, A♭, and B♭. Its key signature consists of three flats. Its relative major is E♭ major and its parallel major is C major.


The C natural minor scale is:



{<br /> override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f<br /> relative c' {<br /> clef treble key c minor time 7/4<br /> c4^markup "C natural minor scale" d es f g aes bes c bes aes g f es d c2<br /> } }<br /> <br />


Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The C harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:



{<br /> override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f<br /> relative c' {<br /> clef treble key c minor time 7/4<br /> c4^markup "C harmonic minor scale" d es f g aes b c b aes g f es d c2<br /> } }<br /> <br />



{<br /> override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f<br /> relative c' {<br /> clef treble key c minor time 7/4<br /> c4^markup "C melodic minor scale (ascending and descending)" d es f g a b c bes! aes! g f es d c2<br /> } }<br /> <br />




Contents






  • 1 Characteristics


  • 2 Notable compositions


  • 3 See also


  • 4 External links





Characteristics


In the Baroque period, music in C minor was usually written with a two-flat key signature, and some modern editions of that repertoire retain that convention.


Joseph Haydn wrote the first piano sonata, No. 20, in C minor (H.XVI No. 20). Of the two piano concertos that Mozart wrote in a minor key, one of them (No. 24, K. 491) is in C minor.


Beethoven wrote some of his most characteristic works in the key of C minor, including the Symphony No. 5 and no fewer than three piano sonatas. (See Beethoven and C minor.)


Brahms's first symphony and first string quartet were composed in C minor; these were both genres with which Beethoven was closely associated during Brahms's lifetime.


Three of Anton Bruckner's ten numbered symphonies are in C minor, as are two of Dmitri Shostakovich's symphonies.



Notable compositions


See also: List of symphonies in C minor




  • Charles-Valentin Alkan

    • Trois études de bravoure, Tre scherzi ou Caprices, Op. 16, No. 2

    • Bourrée d'Auvergne Op. 28

    • Prelude Op. 31, No. 16 (Assez lentement)

    • Symphony for Solo Piano, 1st movement: Allegro

    • Trois grandes études, Op. 76, No. 3 "Mouvement semblable et perpetuel" (Rondo-Toccata) for the hands reunited




  • Johannes Sebastian Bach

    • Passacaglia and Fugue in C minor, BWV 582

    • Cello Suite No. 5, BWV 1011


    • The Musical Offering, BWV 1079




  • Ludwig van Beethoven

    • Piano Sonata No. 5

    • Piano Sonata No. 8 (Pathétique)

    • Piano Concerto No. 3

    • Symphony No. 5

    • Choral Fantasy

    • Piano Sonata No. 32




  • Johannes Brahms

    • Symphony No. 1

    • String Quartet Op. 51/1

    • Piano Trio No. 3

    • Piano Quartet No. 3




  • Anton Bruckner

    • Symphony No. 1

    • Symphony No. 2

    • Symphony No. 8




  • Frédéric Chopin

    • Rondo Op. 1

    • Piano Sonata No. 1

    • Étude Op. 10, No. 12 (Revolutionary)

    • Étude Op. 25, No. 12 (Ocean)

    • Prélude Op. 28, No. 20 "Funeral March"

    • Nocturne in C minor, Op. 48, No. 1

    • Mazurka Op. 56, No. 3




  • Gabriel Fauré

    • Élégie, Op. 24



  • Franz Liszt

    • Transcendental Étude No. 8 "Wilde Jagd"



  • Gustav Mahler
    • Symphony No. 2 "Auferstehung"



  • Felix Mendelssohn
    • Symphony No. 1



  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

    • Great Mass in C minor

    • Piano Concerto No. 24




  • Sergei Prokofiev
    • Symphony No. 3, Op. 44



  • Sergei Rachmaninoff
    • Piano Concerto No. 2



  • Camille Saint-Saëns
    • Symphony No. 3 (Organ Symphony)



  • Dmitri Shostakovich

    • String Quartet No. 8

    • Symphony No. 4

    • Symphony No. 8






See also



  • Key (music)

  • Major and minor

  • Chord (music)

  • Chord names and symbols (popular music)



External links


Media related to C minor at Wikimedia Commons











  • v

  • t

  • e



Diatonic scales and keys

Circle of fifths











































































Flats
Sharps
Major minor Major minor
0 C a C
a
1 F d G
e
2 B♭ g D
b
3 E♭ c A
f♯
4 A♭ f E
c♯
5 D♭ b♭ B
g♯
6 G♭ e♭ F♯
d♯
7 C♭ a♭ C♯
a♯
8 F♭ d♭ G♯
e♯

The table indicates the number of sharps or flats in each scale. Minor scales are written in lower case.



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