Nalanda district




District of Bihar in India

























































Nalanda district
District of Bihar

Location of Nalanda district in Bihar
Location of Nalanda district in Bihar

Country India
State Bihar
Administrative division Patna
Headquarters Bihar Sharif
Government

 • Lok Sabha constituencies
 Nalanda
Area

 • Total 2,367 km2 (914 sq mi)
Population
(2011)

 • Total 2,872,523
 • Density 1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
Demographics

 • Literacy
 66.41 (M=77.11; F=54.76)
 • Sex ratio 921 (2011)
Major highways
NH 20, NH 30A, NH 33, NH 120
Website Official website

Nalanda district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the state of Bihar in India. Bihar Sharif is the administrative headquarters of this district. Nalanda is locally also known as 'Kurmistan' due to dominance of Kurmi caste present in the region.[1][2]




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Geography


  • 3 Demographics


  • 4 Economy


  • 5 Divisions


  • 6 Flora and fauna


  • 7 Status


  • 8 References


  • 9 External links





History


Nalanda became a fully-fledged district when it was split from Patna in 1972.[3]



Geography


Nalanda district occupies an area of 2,355 square kilometres (909 sq mi),[4] comparatively equivalent to Canada's Cornwall Island.[5] The Phalgu, Mohane, Jirayan, and Kumbhari rivers flow through it. The district is a part of Patna Division. Majority of the land in the district is fertile land of Indo Gangetic plane. In the extreme South, there lies the hills of Rajgir. There is also one small hillock in the district headquarters of Bihar Sharif.



Demographics
















































Religions in Nalanda District
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 92.78%
Muslims
 
 6.88%
Not Stated
 
 0.22%
Christian
 
 0.07%
Jain
 
 0.02%
Sikh
 
 0.01%
Buddhist
 
 0.01%



According to the 2011 census Nalanda district has a population of 2,872,523,[6] roughly equal to the nation of Jamaica[7] or the US state of Kansas.[8] This gives it a ranking of 98th in India (out of a total of 640).[6] The district has a population density of 1,220 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,200/sq mi) .[6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 21.18%.[6] Nalanda has a sex ratio of 921 females for every 1000 males,[6] and a literacy rate of 66.41%.[6]



Economy


Agriculture is the backbone of the economy, with majority of population engaged in agriculture. Rice, wheat, maize, pulses, potato, fruits and vegetables are main crops. A newly setup Ordnance Factory, one of the 41 Indian Ordnance Factories has been set up by the Ministry of Defence, Government of India to manufacture artillery shells at Nalanda. Then there is railway coach maintenance plant at Harnaut Block of Nalanda. Tourism is well developed, with lakhs of people flocking at ruins of Nalanda University, Rajgir and Pawapuri. Rajgir was the first capital of Magadh Empire. Lord Buddha had spent years at this place. Surrounded by five hills, it has got scenic views. Pawapuri, the Nirwana place of Lord Mahavir, is holi place for the Jains..[9][10] In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Nalanda one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[11] It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[11]



Divisions


Sub Divisions: 3 - Modern District of Nalanda with HQ Biiharsharif was established on Nov 9, 1972. Earlier it was Biharsharif sub-division of Patna district. Bihar Sharif, Rajgir, Hilsa
Blocks: 20 - Giriyak, Rahui, Ajaypur Noorsarai, Harnaut, Chandi (Nalanda), Islampur (Nalanda), Rajgir, Asthawan, Sarmera, Hilsa, Biharsharif, Ekangarsarai, Bena, Nagarnausa, Karai Parsarai, Silao, Parwalpur, Katrisarai, Bind, Tharthari



Flora and fauna


In 1978 Nalanda district became home to the Rajgir Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 35 km2 (13.5 sq mi).[12]


RWLS is also known as Pant Wildlife Sanctuary has numbers of wild animals like 34 Species of Butterflies(sharma & Kumar),Birds, Reptiles etc


Butterflies : Common Mormon,Peacock Pansy,Blue Pansy,Painted Lady,Common commander, Fourring


Herpetofauna : Indian Bullfrog,Common Asian Toad, Skittering Frog,Tree Frog, Garden Lizard,Indian Rock Python ,Common Karait etc.


Birds : Painted Special, Flycatchers,Gray Hornbill,Great Egret,Lesser Whistling Duck,Common Coot,Rose Ringed Parakeet,Bulbul,Munia etc.


Mammals : Golden Jackal,Black Naped Hare,Spotted Deer,Indian Crested Porcupine,Blue Bull etc.



Status


Nalanda district is fast developing and the ruins of the ancient Nalanda University or UNESCO Nalanda Archaeological Site attracts tourists from all over world driving the local economy.



References





  1. ^ IANS (2015-10-27). "Caste dominates in Bihar's third round polling". Business Standard India. Retrieved 2018-12-19..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "JD-U fields Nitish Kumar's castemen in Nalanda". dailybhaskar. 2010-10-04. Retrieved 2018-12-19.


  3. ^ "Districts of India".


  4. ^ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)


  5. ^ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 1998-02-18. Retrieved 2011-10-11. Cornwall Island 2,358km2


  6. ^ abcdef "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.


  7. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Jamaica 2,868,380 July 2011 est


  8. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Kansas 2,853,118


  9. ^ http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-01-16/india/27829660_1_ordnance-factory-denel-nitish-kumar


  10. ^ http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/government-and-policy/ofb-nalanda-to-develop-indigenous-artillery-shells/article3342557. ece


  11. ^ ab Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.


  12. ^ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Bihar". Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.




External links


  • Nalanda Information Portal





Coordinates: 25°12′00″N 85°31′12″E / 25.20000°N 85.52000°E / 25.20000; 85.52000







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