National Liberation Committee




For the French government under De Gaulle in exile during World War II, see French Committee of National Liberation.


























National Liberation Committee


Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale

Leaders
Ivanoe Bonomi
Alcide De Gasperi,
Pietro Nenni,
Palmiro Togliatti,
Ugo La Malfa,
Ferruccio Parri
Founded 9 September 1943
Dissolved 1 June 1947[1]
Headquarters Rome
Ideology Anti-fascism

  • Politics of Italy

  • Political parties

  • Elections


The National Liberation Committee (Italian: Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale, CLN) was a political umbrella organization and the main representative of the Italian resistance movement fighting against the German occupation of Italy in the aftermath of the armistice of Cassibile. It was a multi-party entity, whose members were united by their anti-fascism.[2]




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Composition


  • 3 Seats


  • 4 See also


  • 5 References





History


The CLN was formed on 9 September 1943, following Italy's surrender to the Allies and Germany's invasion of the country. The member parties were the Italian Communist Party, the Italian Socialist Party, the Action Party, Christian Democracy, the Labour Democratic Party, and the Italian Liberal Party. With the backing of the Royal government and the Allied powers, CLN gained official recognition as the representative of the Italian resistance movement, and had several leaders operating underground in German-occupied Italy.[3]


The partisan formations controlled by the CLN were primarily divided between three main groups, Communist Garibaldi Brigades, the Action Party's Justice and Freedom Brigades, and Socialist "Matteotti" Brigades. Smaller groups included Catholic and monarchist partisans. There were partisan units not represented in the CLN, including the Brigata Maiella and anarchist, republican and Trotskyist formations.[4]


The CLN led the governments of Italy from the liberation of Rome in June 1944 until the first post-war general election in 1946.



Composition












































Party
 Main ideology
 Leader/s


Christian Democracy
Christian democracy
Alcide De Gasperi


Italian Socialist Party
Socialism
Pietro Nenni


Italian Communist Party
Communism
Palmiro Togliatti


Italian Liberal Party
Liberalism
Manlio Brosio


Action Party
Liberal socialism
Ferruccio Parri


Labour Democratic Party
Social democracy
Ivanoe Bonomi


Seats


















House
 Period
 Seats

National Council
 5 April 1945 – 24 June 1946

156 / 304

Constituent Assembly
 25 June 1946 – 1 June 1947

503 / 556


See also



  • National Liberation Committee for Northern Italy

  • Italian Resistance



References





  1. ^ The CLN was de facto dissolved with the end of De Gasperi III Cabinet.


  2. ^ Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale – CLN


  3. ^ La formazione del CLNAI (Comitato di liberazione nazionale Alta Italia)


  4. ^ Il Cln, spiegato bene: che cosa era il Comitato di Liberazione nazionale












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