Amynodontidae
Amynodontidae Temporal range: Late Eocene–Early Miocene PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Perissodactyla |
Superfamily: | Rhinocerotoidea |
Family: | †Amynodontidae |
Genera[1] | |
See text. | |
Range of Amynodontidae based on fossil record |
Amynodontidae ("threatening tooth")[2] is a family of extinct perissodactyls related to true rhinoceroses, they are commonly portrayed as semiaquatic hippo-like rhinos[3][4] but this description only fits members of the Metamynodontini; other groups of amynodonts like the cadurcodontines had more typical ungulate proportions and convergently evolved a tapir-like proboscis. Their fossils have been found in North America, Europe and Asia ranging in age from the Middle Eocene to the Early Oligocene, with a single genus (Cadurcotherium) surviving into the Late Oligocene in South Asia (Pakistan).[5] The genus Metamynodon may have survived into the early Miocene.[citation needed]
Taxonomy
†Amynodontidae
- Subfamily Amynodontinae
- Tribe Cadurcodontini
- Genus Cadurcodon
- Genus Lushiamynodon
- Genus Sharamynodon
- Genus Sianodon
- Genus Cadurcodon
- Tribe Metamynodontini
- Genus Gigantamynodon
- Genus Metamynodon
- Genus Paramynodon
- Genus Zaisanamynodon
- Genus Gigantamynodon
- Tribe incertae sedis
- Genus Amynodon
- Genus Amynodon
- Tribe Cadurcodontini
- Subfamily incertae sedis
- Genus Amynodontopsis
- Genus Armania
- Genus Cadurcamynodon
- Genus Cadurcopsis
- Genus Cadurcotherium
- Genus Caenolophus
- Genus Euryodon
- Genus Hypsamynodon
- Genus Megalamynodon
- Genus Mesamynodon
- Genus Penetrigonias
- Genus Procadurcodon
- Genus Rostriamynodon
- Genus Teilhardia
- Genus Toxotherium
- Genus Amynodontopsis
References
^ McKenna, M. C; S. K. Bell (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-11012-X..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ American Museum of Natural History, "Perissodactyls Glossary"
^ Savage, RJG; Long, MR (1986). Mammal Evolution: an illustrated guide. New York: Facts on File. p. 194. ISBN 0-8160-1194-X.
^ Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 264. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.
^ Wall, William P. (1989). "The phylogenetic history and adaptive radiation of the Amynodontidae". In Prothero, Donald R; Schoch, Robert M. The Evolution of perissodactyls. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195060393.
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