Amynodontidae





































Amynodontidae
Temporal range: Late Eocene–Early Miocene

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Scientific classification edit
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Perissodactyla
Superfamily:
Rhinocerotoidea
Family:
†Amynodontidae

Genera[1]

See text.



Amynodontidae range.png
Range of Amynodontidae based on fossil record



Tooth paratype of Cadurcotherium nouleti – MHNT





Zaisanamynodon protheroi


Amynodontidae ("threatening tooth")[2] is a family of extinct perissodactyls related to true rhinoceroses, they are commonly portrayed as semiaquatic hippo-like rhinos[3][4] but this description only fits members of the Metamynodontini; other groups of amynodonts like the cadurcodontines had more typical ungulate proportions and convergently evolved a tapir-like proboscis. Their fossils have been found in North America, Europe and Asia ranging in age from the Middle Eocene to the Early Oligocene, with a single genus (Cadurcotherium) surviving into the Late Oligocene in South Asia (Pakistan).[5] The genus Metamynodon may have survived into the early Miocene.[citation needed]



Taxonomy


†Amynodontidae



  • Subfamily Amynodontinae

    • Tribe Cadurcodontini

      • Genus Cadurcodon

      • Genus Lushiamynodon

      • Genus Sharamynodon

      • Genus Sianodon



    • Tribe Metamynodontini

      • Genus Gigantamynodon

      • Genus Metamynodon

      • Genus Paramynodon

      • Genus Zaisanamynodon



    • Tribe incertae sedis
      • Genus Amynodon




  • Subfamily incertae sedis

    • Genus Amynodontopsis

    • Genus Armania

    • Genus Cadurcamynodon

    • Genus Cadurcopsis

    • Genus Cadurcotherium

    • Genus Caenolophus

    • Genus Euryodon

    • Genus Hypsamynodon

    • Genus Megalamynodon

    • Genus Mesamynodon

    • Genus Penetrigonias

    • Genus Procadurcodon

    • Genus Rostriamynodon

    • Genus Teilhardia

    • Genus Toxotherium





References





  1. ^ McKenna, M. C; S. K. Bell (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-11012-X..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ American Museum of Natural History, "Perissodactyls Glossary"


  3. ^ Savage, RJG; Long, MR (1986). Mammal Evolution: an illustrated guide. New York: Facts on File. p. 194. ISBN 0-8160-1194-X.


  4. ^ Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 264. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.


  5. ^ Wall, William P. (1989). "The phylogenetic history and adaptive radiation of the Amynodontidae". In Prothero, Donald R; Schoch, Robert M. The Evolution of perissodactyls. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195060393.












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