Bilingual communes in Poland




The bilingual status of gminas (municipalities) in Poland is regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish. So far 44 gminas have done this:[1]




Contents






  • 1 Polish/German


  • 2 Polish/Kashubian


  • 3 Polish/Lithuanian


  • 4 Polish/Belarusian


  • 5 Polish/Lemko


  • 6 Gallery


  • 7 References


  • 8 External links





Polish/German


See also: German minority in Poland



German language as auxiliary language in 22 municipalities in Opole and Silesia Voivodeships (slightly outdated map from 2010)


Polish/German bilingual gminas (Gemeinden) in




  • Opole Voivodeship (28 municipalities)


    • Gmina Biała / Gemeinde Zülz (since 06.03.2006)


    • Gmina Bierawa / Gemeinde Birawa (since 23.04.2007)


    • Gmina Chrząstowice / Gemeinde Chronstau (since 25.01.2006)


    • Gmina Cisek / Gemeinde Czissek


    • Gmina Dobrodzień / Gemeinde Guttentag (since 13.05.2009)


    • Gmina Dobrzeń Wielki / Gemeinde Groß Döbern (since 22.04.2009)


    • Gmina Głogówek / Gemeinde Oberglogau (since 22.04.2009)


    • Gmina Gogolin / Gemeinde Gogolin


    • Gmina Izbicko / Gemeinde Stubendorf (since 06.03.2006)


    • Gmina Jemielnica / Gemeinde Himmelwitz (since 28.08.2006)


    • Gmina Kolonowskie / Gemeinde Colonnowska (since 22.09.2006)


    • Gmina Komprachcice / Gemeinde Comprachtschütz (since 04.06.2009)


    • Gmina Lasowice Wielkie / Gemeinde Gross Lassowitz (since 18.10.2006)


    • Gmina Leśnica / Gemeinde Leschnitz (since 17.05.2006)


    • Gmina Łubniany / Gemeinde Lugnian


    • Gmina Murów / Gemeinde Murow (since 22.04.2009)


    • Gmina Pawłowiczki / Gemeinde Gnadenfeld


    • Gmina Polska Cerekiew / Gemeinde Groß Neukirch


    • Gmina Popielów / Gemeinde Poppelau


    • Gmina Prószków / Gemeinde Proskau (since 11.07.2006)


    • Gmina Radłów / Gemeinde Radlau (since 25.01.2006)


    • Gmina Reńska Wieś / Gemeinde Reinschdorf (since 26.10.2006)


    • Gmina Strzeleczki / Gemeinde Klein Strehlitz (since 17.05.2006)


    • Gmina Tarnów Opolski / Gemeinde Tarnau (since 15.02.2007)


    • Gmina Turawa / Gemeinde Turawa (since 12.09.2008)


    • Gmina Ujazd / Gemeinde Ujest (since 28.08.2006)


    • Gmina Walce / Gemeinde Walzen (since 04.04.2006)


    • Gmina Zębowice / Gemeinde Zembowitz (since 23.10.2007)




  • Silesian Voivodeship (3 municipalities)


    • Gmina Krzanowice / Gemeinde Kranowitz


    • Gmina Rudnik / Gemeinde Rudnik


    • Gmina Sośnicowice / Gemeinde Kieferstädtel




Other gminas in Opole Voivodeship and Silesian Voivodeship which would be permitted by the Act to make German an auxiliary language are Olesno and Pawłowiczki.



Polish/Kashubian



Kashubian language in gminas.png


Polish/Kashubian bilingual gminas in Pomeranian Voivodeship:




  • Gmina Linia (Gmina Lëniô; since 23.04.2012)


  • Gmina Luzino (Gmina Lëzëno; since 21.02.2014)


  • Gmina Parchowo (Gmina Parchòwò; since 16.08.2006)


  • Gmina Sierakowice (Gmina Serakòwice; since 23.10.2007)


  • Gmina Żukowo (Gmina Żukòwò; since 17.07.2013)



Polish/Lithuanian


Polish/Lithuanian bilingual gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship:



  • Gmina Puńsk (Punsko valsčius; since 25.05.2006)


Polish/Belarusian



Jezyk białoruski w gminach.png


Polish/Belarusian bilingual gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship:




  • Hajnówka-urban gmina (Гайнаўка) on 3 December 2007


  • Gmina Czyże (Гміна Чыжы) on 8 February 2010


  • Gmina Hajnówka-rural gmina (Гміна Гайнаўка) on 28 May 2010


  • Gmina Narewka (Гміна Нараўка) on 16 September 2009


  • Gmina Orla (Гміна Орля) on 7 May 2009



Polish/Lemko


Polish/Lemko bilingual names of localities in Małopolskie Voivodeship:




  • Gmina Gorlice: Bielanka


  • Gmina Uście Gorlickie: Blechnarka, Gładyszów, Konieczna, Kunkowa, Nowica, Regietów, Ropki, Zdynia



Gallery






  • Polish/Lemko place-name sign in Bielanka







  • Polish/Kashubian street name sign in Jastarnia







  • Polish/Kashubian road sign with the village name (Dolina Jadwigi)







  • Bilingual Polish/Belarusian sign in Oleksze







  • Polish/German place-name sign in Kosorowice






References




  1. ^ "Map on page of Polish Commission on Standardization of Geographical Names" (PDF). Retrieved 20 June 2015..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}



External links



  • Maciej Zych. Minority place names in Poland. United Nations Group of Experts in Geographical Names. Twenty-sixth session. Vienna 2–6 May 2011. Working Paper no. 3.

  • List of minority place names in Poland according to Register of the communes where place-names in minority language are used provided by Ministry of Administration and Digitization as of March 8, 2012.









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