Cinder




Pyroclastic vesicular rock

For material that results from incomplete combustion of coal or wood, see Ember.

For other uses, see Cinder (disambiguation).



Example of a cinder, found at Amboy Crater





Volcanic eruptions such as this one can create cinders.




Volcanic cinder in the Mount Cayley volcanic field, British Columbia, Canada


A cinder is a pyroclastic material. Cinders are extrusive igneous rocks. Cinders are similar to pumice, which has so many cavities that its low density of 0.641g/cm^3 allows it to float in water. Cinder is typically brown, black, or red depending on its chemical content. A more modern name for cinder is scoria.



Characteristics


The following geologic characteristics define a cinder:



  • Uncemented

  • Vitric

  • Having bubble-like cavities, called vesicles

  • Measuring not less than 2.0 millimeters in at least one dimension

  • Apparent specific gravity between 1.0 and 2.0

  • Typical cinders are red or black in color.

  • Contain numerous gas bubbles "frozen" into place as magma exploded into the air and then cooled quickly.



Uses


Cinders have been used on track surfaces and roads to provide additional traction in winter conditions. Cinders are also employed as inorganic mulch in xeriscaping, because of excellent drainage properties and erosion resistance. In this context, they are referred to frequently with the name "lava rock".



See also



  • Cinder block


  • Cinder cone – A steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments around a volcanic vent

  • Cinder track

  • Lapilli


  • Scoria – Dark vesicular volcanic rock


  • Tephra – Fragmental material produced by a volcanic eruption

  • Ye Olde Cinder House

  • Cinderella




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