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National Intelligence Centre
Centro Nacional de Inteligencia
Agency overview
Formed
May 6, 2002
Preceding agency
Centro Superior de Información de la Defensa (CESID)
Jurisdiction
Government of Spain
Headquarters
Madrid, Spain
Employees
3,500 (2016, according to CNI)
Annual budget
€281.95 million (2018)
Agency executives
Félix Sanz Roldán, Director
Paz Esteban López, Secretary General
Parent agency
Ministry of Defence
Child agencies
Nacional Office for Security
National Cryptologic Center
Nacional Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence
Website
www.cni.es
The National Intelligence Centre (Spanish: Centro Nacional de Inteligencia, CNI) is the Spanish official intelligence agency, acting as both its foreign and domestic intelligence agency. Its headquarters are located in the A-6 motorway near Madrid. The CNI is the successor of the Centro Superior de Información de la Defensa, the Higher Centre for Defence Intelligence. Its main target areas are North Africa and South America and it operates in more than 80 countries. CNI's official budget for 2018 is approximately 282 million euros (the CNI can get further resources from the reserve funds).[1]
The Secretary of State—Director of the CNI is currently General Félix Sanz Roldán.
Contents
1Goals and operation
2Precedents and history
3Directors of the CESID / CNI
4Bibliography
5References
6External links
Goals and operation
The Center's essential goal is to provide the Spanish Government all the necessary information to prevent and avoid any risk or menace that affects the independence or integrity of Spain, its national interests, institutions and rule of law. In the same way, the law states that the specific goals of the CNI will be determined and approved yearly by the Council of Ministers. These goals will be included in a secret document, the Intelligence Guidelines.
Besides this organic control of the Center by the Ministers Council, there is also a judiciary control, given the fact certain activities require such intervention. This control is carried out by a judge of the Spanish Supreme Court, chosen by a qualified majority. In this sense, those actions requiring previous authorization by the court are those regarding communications interdiction, entry and registration at home or enterprise addresses, or any other would-be violations of the fundamental rights granted by the Spanish Constitution of 1978.
Precedents and history
See also: SECED
The first Spanish intelligence service was created in 1935, in a short-lived experience with an almost null activity, due to the Spanish Civil War paralysing its development. Student revolts by the end of the 1960s motivated the creation of a National Countersubversive Organization, which was the seed for the Servicio Central de Documentación (SECED), founded in 1972. The Centro Superior de Información de la Defensa (CESID) was formed between 1976 and 1977, from the fusion of the SECED and the High Staff of the Army Information Service (Spanish: Servicio de Información del Alto Estado Mayor (SIAEM)).
Directors of the CESID / CNI
José María Bourgón López-Dóriga (1977–1979)
Gerardo Mariñas (1979–1980)
Narciso Carreras (1980-1981)
Emilio Alonso Manglano (1981–1995)
Félix Miranda (1995–1996)
Javier Calderón (1996–2001)
Jorge Dezcallar Manzanedo (civilian) (2001–2004)
Alberto Saiz Cortés (civilian) (2004–2009)
Félix Sanz Roldán (2009–present)
Bibliography
Joaquín Bardavio, Pilar Cernuda y Fernando Jauregui (2000). Servicios Secretos. Editorial Plaza & Janés.
Antonio M. Diaz Fernandez (2006). Los servicios de inteligencia españoles. Desde la guerra civil hasta el 11-M. Historia de una transición. Alianza Editorial.
Carlos Ruiz Miguel (2002). Servicios de Inteligencia y Seguridad del Estado Constitucional. Editorial Tecnos.
Fernando J. Muniesa y Diego Camacho (2005). La España Otorgada. Servicios de Inteligencia y Estado de Derecho. Editorial Anroart.
References
^La dotación del CNI crece un 8%, Presidencia se mantiene y baja la de Parques Nacionales
External links
National Intelligence Centre
National Intelligence Centre (in Spanish)
Intelpage.info (in Spanish)
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National intelligence agencies
Foreign intelligence
Afghanistan: NDS
Albania: SHISH
Algeria: DRS
Argentina: AFI
Armenia: SNB
Australia: ASIS
Azerbaijan: MTN
Bahrain: NSA
Bangladesh: NSI
Belarus: KGB RB
Belgium: ADIV/SGRS
Bosnia and Herzegovina: OSA-OBA
Brazil: ABIN
Brunei: BRD
Bulgaria: NRS
Cameroon: BMM
Canada: CSIS
Chad: ANS
Chile: ANI
China: MSS
Congo (Democratic Republic of): ANR
Croatia: SOA
Cuba: DI
Czech Republic: ÚZSI
Denmark: FE
Djibouti: BSRG
Ecuador: SENAIN
Egypt: Mukhabarat
Estonia: EFIS
France: DGSE
Gambia: SIS
Georgia: GIS
Germany: BND
Ghana: BNI, BGU, RDU
Greece: EYP
Hungary: IH
India: RAW
Indonesia: BIN
Iran: VAJA
Iraq: GSD
Ireland: G2
Israel: Mossad
Italy: AISE
Ivory Coast: NSC
Japan: NPA, CIRO
Jordan: GID
Kazakhstan: Syrbar
Kenya: NIS
Kyrgyzstan: SNB
Kuwait: KSS
Latvia: SAB
Lithuania: VSD
Lebanon: GDGS
Libya: MJ
Republic of Macedonia: UBK
Malaysia: MEIO
Maldives: NSS
Mexico: CISEN
Moldova: SIS
Mongolia: GIA
Montenegro: ANB
Morocco: DGST
Mozambique: SISE
Netherlands: AIVD
New Zealand: NZSIS
Nigeria: NIA
North Korea: RGB
Norway: E-tjenesten
Oman: Palace Office
Pakistan: ISI
Papua New Guinea: NIO
Philippines: NICA
Poland: AW
Portugal: SIED
Qatar: QSS
Romania: SIE
Russia: SVR
Saudi Arabia: Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah
Serbia: BIA
Sierra Leone: CISU
Singapore: SID
Slovakia: SIS
Slovenia: SOVA
Somalia: NISA
South Africa: SSA
South Korea: NIS
Spain: CNI
Sri Lanka: SIS
Sudan: JAWM
Sweden: KSI
Switzerland: NDB
Syria: GSD
Taiwan: NSB
Tajikistan: MoS
Thailand: NIA
Togo: NIA
Tunisia: TIA
Turkey: MİT
Turkmenistan: KNB
Uganda: ISO
Ukraine: SZRU
United Arab Emirates: UAEI
United Kingdom: SIS (MI6)
United States: CIA
Uzbekistan: SNB
Vietnam: TC2
Domestic intelligence
Algeria: DRS
Argentina: AFI
Australia: ASIO
Azerbaijan: MTN
Bangladesh: SB
Belarus: KGB RB
Belgium: VS/SE
Bosnia and Herzegovina: SIPA
Brazil: PF
Brunei: IRD
Canada: CSIS
Chile: ANI
China: MSS
Congo (Democratic Republic of): ANR
Croatia: SOA
Czech Republic: BIS
Denmark: PET
Egypt: EHS
Estonia: KAPO
Finland: Supo
France: DGSI
Germany: BfV
Ghana: GPS, CID
Greece: EYP
Hong Kong: CIB
Hungary: AH
India: IB, CBI, NSC, AIRMS
Iran: VAJA, IRGC, PAVA
Ireland: CSB, SDU, NSU
Israel: Shin Bet
Italy: AISI
Kazakhstan: NSC
Kenya: NIS
Latvia: DP
Lithuania: STT
Republic of Macedonia: IA
Malaysia: SB
Moldova: SIS
Japan: NPA, PSIA
Netherlands: NCTb
New Zealand: NZSIS
Nigeria: SSS
Norway: PST
North Korea: SSD
Oman: ISS
Pakistan: IB, FIA
Philippines: NBI
Poland: ABW
Portugal: SIS
Romania: SRI
Russia: FSB
Saudi Arabia: Mabahith
Serbia: BIA
Singapore: ISD
South Africa: SSA
South Korea: SPO
Spain: CITCO
Sri Lanka: SIS
Sweden: SÄPO
Switzerland: NDB
Syria: GSD
Taiwan: MJIB
Thailand: ISOC, SB
Turkey: KDGM
Ukraine: SBU
United Kingdom: Security Service (MI5), NDEDIU, NCA, NBIS
United States: FBI
Uzbekistan: SNB
Venezuela: SEBIN
Vietnam: TC5
Zimbabwe: CIO
Military intelligence
Australia: DIO
Bangladesh: DGFI
Belgium: ADIV/SGRS
Brazil: DIE
Canada: Int Branch
China: MID
Congo (Democratic Republic of): DEMIAP
Croatia: VSOA
Czech Republic: VZ
Denmark: FE
Egypt: DMISR
Finland: PE TIEDOS
France: DRM, DGSE
Germany: MAD
Ghana: MIU
Hungary: KNBSZ
Iran: General Staff, SAHEFAJA, SAHEFASA, SAHEFAVEDJA
India: DMI, DIA
Indonesia: BAIS
Ireland: G2
Israel: Aman
Italy: CII
Japan: MIC
Kazakhstan: NSC
Lithuania: AOTD
Republic of Macedonia: MSSI
Malaysia: DSID
Morocco: DGED
Netherlands: MIVD
New Zealand: DDIS
North Korea: RGB
Norway: E-tjenesten
Pakistan: MI, NI, AI
Philippines: ISAFP
Poland: SKW, SWW
Portugal: CISMIL
Romania: DGIA
Russia: GRU
Saudi Arabia: AFISC
Serbia: VOA, VBA
Singapore: MIO
Slovakia: VSS
Slovenia: OVS
South Africa: SANDF-ID
South Korea: DIA, DSSC
Spain: CIFAS
Sri Lanka: DMI
Sweden: MUST
Switzerland: MND
Syria: MI, AFID
Taiwan: MND
Thailand: AFSC
Turkey: GENKUR İ.D.B., JİTEM
Ukraine: HUR MO
United Kingdom: DI
United States: DIA
Venezuela: DGCIM
Vietnam: TC2
Signals intelligence
Australia: ASD
Brazil: 2ª Sch/EMD
Canada: CSE
China: SIGINT
Croatia: OTC
Finland: PVTIEDL
France: DGSE
Germany: BND
Ghana: RDU
India: JCB,NTRO
Indonesia: BSSN
Ireland: CIS
Israel: 8200
Japan: DIH
Kazakhstan: NSC
Netherlands: AIVD
New Zealand: GCSB
North Korea: RGB
Pakistan: JSIB
Russia: Spetssvyaz
Saudi Arabia: PSS
South Africa: SSA
Sweden: FRA
Switzerland: NDB
Syria: MI
Turkey: MİT-ETİB, MİT-SİB
Ukraine: Derzhspetszviazok
United Kingdom: GCHQ
United States: NSA
Imagery intelligence
Australia: AGO
Finland: PVTIEDL
India: DAI
Israel: Air Intelligence Group
New Zealand: GEOINT NZ
Portugal: CIGeoE
Russia: TsVTI GRU
United Kingdom: DGIFC
United States: NGA
Related topics
Espionage
Global surveillance disclosures
Chelsea Manning
Snowden leaks
WikiLeaks
Great Firewall of China
Mass surveillance in China
Law enforcement
Surveillance
Big Brother
Call detail record
Carnivore
Dishfire
ECHELON
PRISM
Stone Ghost
Turbulence (NSA programme)
National security
Surveillance issues in smart cities
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Departments and agencies of the Government of Spain
Cabinet
President of the Government of Spain
Vice President of the Government of Spain
Ministry of the Presidency
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Defence
Ministry of the Treasury
Ministry of Economy and Enterprise
Ministry of the Interior
Ministry of Development
Ministry of Education and Vocational Training
Ministry of Culture and Sport
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
Ministry of Health
Ministry of Labour, Migrations and Social Security
Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism
Ministry for the Ecological Transition
Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
Ministry of Territorial Policy and Public Function
Spokesperson of the Government of Spain
Agencies
Bank of Spain
Centro Nacional de Inteligencia
Spanish National Research Council
Instituto Nacional de Estadística
National Securities Market Commission
National Transplant Organization
Meteorological Office
Agencia Española de Protección de Datos
Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo
Agencia Tributaria
Agencia Nacional de la Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación
Boletín Oficial del Estado
Agencia Estatal de Seguridad Ferroviaria
Spanish Aviation Safety and Security Agency
Agencia Estatal de Evaluación de las Políticas Públicas y la Calidad de los Servicios
Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Spanish Anti-Doping Agency
Intelligence Center for Counter-Terrorism and Organized Crime
Department of Homeland Security
Salvamento Marítimo
National Sports Council
Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices
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National intelligence agencies in Europe
Foreign intelligence
Albania (SHISH)
Azerbaijan (MNSA)
Belarus (KGB RB)
Bosnia and Herzegovina (OSA-OBA)
Croatia (SOA)
Czech Republic (UZSI)
Denmark (FE)
France (DGSE)
Germany (BND)
Greece (EYP)
Hungary (IH)
Ireland: (CSB)
Italy (AISE)
Kazakhstan (NSC)
Montenegro (ANB)
Netherlands (AIVD)
Poland (AW)
Portugal (SIED)
Romania (SIE)
Russia (SVR)
Serbia (BIA)
Slovenia (SOVA)
Spain (CNI)
Switzerland (SND)
Turkey (MİT)
Ukraine (SZRU)
United Kingdom (SIS MI6)
Domestic intelligence
Belarus (KGB RB)
Croatia (SOA)
Czech Republic (BIS)
Denmark (PET)
Estonia (KAPO)
Finland (Supo)
France (DGSI)
Germany (BfV)
Greece (EYP)
Hungary (NBH)
Ireland: (SDU, NSU)
Italy (AISI)
Netherlands (NCTb)
Norway (PST)
Poland (ABW)
Portugal (SIS)
Romania (SRI)
Russia (FSB)
Serbia (BIA)
Spain (CITCO)
Sweden (SÄPO)
Switzerland (SAP)
Turkey (KDGM)
Ukraine (SBU)
United Kingdom (MI5)
Military intelligence
Croatia (VSOA)
Czech Republic (VZ)
Denmark (FE)
Finland (PE TIEDOS)
France (DRM, DGSE)
Germany (MAD)
Greece (EYP)
Ireland: (G2)
Italy (CII)
Netherlands (MIVD)
Poland (SKW, SWW)
Portugal (CISMIL)
Romania (DGIA)
Russia (GRU)
Serbia (VOA, VBA)
Slovenia (OVS)
Spain (CIFAS)
Sweden (MUST)
Switzerland (MND, LWND)
Ukraine (HUR MO)
United Kingdom (DIS)
Signals intelligence
Croatia (OTC)
Finland (PVTIEDL)
France (DGSE)
Germany (BND)
Greece (EYP)
Ireland: (CIS)
Netherlands (NSO)
Romania (STS)
Russia (GRU)
Sweden (FRA)
Switzerland (SIS)
Ukraine (State Special Communications Service of Ukraine)
12.7 cm/40 Type 89 naval gun Type 89 gun mounted on Chitose Type Naval gun anti-aircraft gun Place of origin Japan Service history In service 1932–45 Used by Imperial Japanese Navy Wars World War II Production history Designed 1928–32 Produced 1932–45 No. built ~1500 Variants Type 88 Specifications Mass 3,100 kilograms (6,834 lb) Barrel length 5,080 millimeters (16 ft 8 in) (bore length) Shell Fixed Shell weight 20.9–23.45 kilograms (46.1–51.7 lb) Caliber 12.7-centimeter (5.0 in) Breech horizontal breech block Elevation -8° to +90° [1] Rate of fire 8-14 rounds per minute Muzzle velocity 720–725 meters per second (2,360–2,380 ft/s) Maximum firing range 9,440 meters (30,970 ft) at 90° (AA ceiling) 14,800 meters (48,600 ft) at 45° The 12.7 cm/40 Type 89 naval gun was a Japanese anti-aircraft (AA) gun introduced before World War II. It was the Imperial Japanese Navy's standard heavy AA...
Town in French Polynesia, France Rikitea Town Rikitea Location in French Polynesia Coordinates: 23°7′13″S 134°58′9″W / 23.12028°S 134.96917°W / -23.12028; -134.96917 Coordinates: 23°7′13″S 134°58′9″W / 23.12028°S 134.96917°W / -23.12028; -134.96917 Country France Overseas collectivity French Polynesia Territory Gambier Islands Island Mangareva Rikitea is a small town on Mangareva, which is part of the Gambier Islands in French Polynesia. A majority of the islanders live in Rikitea. [1] [2] The island was a protectorate of France in 1871 and was annexed in 1881. [3] Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Economy 4 Landmarks 5 Transportation 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External links History The town's history dates to the era when the island was first settled with people from the Marquesas Islands in 1100 AD. Captain James Wilson of the London Missionary Society arrived in 1797 on Du...
"Vienna University" redirects here. For Vienna University of Economics and Business, see Vienna University of Economics and Business. University of Vienna Universität Wien Type Public Established 1365 Budget € 544 million [1] Rector Heinz Engl Academic staff 6,765 Administrative staff 3,106 Students 94,000 [2] Postgraduates 16,490 Doctoral students 8,945 Location Main building, Vienna , Austria 48°12′47″N 16°21′35″E / 48.21306°N 16.35972°E / 48.21306; 16.35972 Coordinates: 48°12′47″N 16°21′35″E / 48.21306°N 16.35972°E / 48.21306; 16.35972 Campus Urban Colors Blue and White Affiliations Campus Europae, EUA, UNICA Website www.univie.ac.at/en Data as of 2016 [update] The University of Vienna (German: Universität Wien ) is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is one of the oldest universities in the Ge...