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Yulin .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal} 榆林市
Prefecture-level city
Location of Yulin City jurisdiction in Shaanxi
Coordinates: 38°17′N 109°44′E / 38.283°N 109.733°E / 38.283; 109.733Coordinates: 38°17′N 109°44′E / 38.283°N 109.733°E / 38.283; 109.733
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Shaanxi
Municipal seat	Yuyang District
Area
• Total	43,578 km2 (16,826 sq mi)
Elevation	1,084 m (3,556 ft)
Population
• Total	3,380,000
• Density	78/km2 (200/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 code	CN-SN-08
Licence plates	陕K
Website	yl.gov.cn

Yulin (Chinese: 榆林; pinyin: Yúlín) is a prefecture-level city in the Shanbei region of Shaanxi province, China, bordering Inner Mongolia to the north, Shanxi to the east, and Ningxia to the west. It has an administrative area of 43,578 km² (16,826 sq mi) and a population of 3,380,000.^[1]

Geography

Yulin is the northernmost prefecture-level city of Shaanxi, and borders Ordos City (Inner Mongolia) to the north, Xinzhou and Lüliang (Shanxi) to the east, Yan'an to the south, and Wuzhong (Ningxia) to the west. To the north and northwest of the city lies the Ordos Desert, though the countryside is very green due to the many small shrubs which have been planted to slow the process of desertification. The city is based in a valley which extends north-south, which rises to a large vantage point to the north east, from which there are views of the west and northwest.

Lake Hongjiannao

Lake Hongjiannao lies on the border of Yulin and Ordos City, Inner Mongolia (39°06′N, 109°53′E).^[2] It is China's largest "desert freshwater lake".^[3] The lake is relatively recent, formed around 1929 due to increased rainfall in the early 20th century; before, the basin was a wetland. The lake is supplied by four rivers, but there is no outflow. When its surface area was about 60 km² (23 sq mi), its maximum depth was 10.5 m (34 ft) and the average depth 8.2 m (27 ft).^[2] However, the lake has been shrinking sharply over the past decade, to 32 km² (12 sq mi) at the present. The shrinking has been attributed to reservoir construction, mining, and agricultural irrigation.^[3]

Lake Hongjiannao is an important breeding habitat for relict gull, a species classified as "vulnerable" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It is estimated that up to 5,000 pairs breed there, making it the largest breeding colony of relict gulls. Shrinking of the lake and changes in water quality are threatening the colony.^[4]

Climate

Yulin has a continental, monsoon-influenced semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), with very cold, rather long winters, and hot and somewhat humid summers. Monthly averages range from −9.4 °C (15.1 °F) to 23.4 °C (74.1 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 8.29 °C (46.9 °F). Spring is especially prone to sandstorms blowing in from the northwest. There is only 366 millimetres (14.4 in) of precipitation annually, 73% of which occurs from June to September. Due to the aridity, diurnal temperature variation is large for most of the year, averaging 13.8 °C (24.8 °F) annually. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 60% in three months to 65% in four months, the city receives 2,780 hours of bright sunshine annually.

Transportation

• Yulin Yuyang Airport


• Shenyan Railway


• 
  G1812 Cangyu Expressway


• G65 Baotou–Maoming Expressway


• China National Highway 210

History

Yulin played host to the 11th CHIME (European Foundation for Chinese Music Research) conference in August 2006.In 2017,26-29 August, the 1st IGU-AGLE Commission's conference on 'Global Rural Development and Land Capacity Building.' was held in Yulin University.^[5]

Administration

Yulin consists of 2 districts, 1 county-level city and 9 counties.

Map
Yuyang Hengshan Shenmu (city) Fugu County Jingbian County Dingbian County Suide County Mizhi County Jia County 1 Qingjian County Zizhou County 1. Wubu County
Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2004 est.)	Area (km2)	Density (/km2)
Yuyang District	榆阳区	Yúyáng Qū	460,000	7,053	65
Hengshan District	横山区	Héngshān Qū	330,000	4,084	81
Shenmu City	神木市	Shénmù Shì	370,000	7,635	48
Fugu County	府谷县	Fǔgǔ Xiàn	210,000	3,212	65
Jingbian County	靖边县	Jìngbiān Xiàn	290,000	5,088	57
Dingbian County	定边县	Dìngbiān Xiàn	310,000	6,920	45
Suide County	绥德县	Suídé Xiàn	350,000	1,878	186
Mizhi County	米脂县	Mǐzhī Xiàn	210,000	1,212	173
Jia County	佳县	Jiā Xiàn	250,000	2,144	117
Wubu County	吴堡县	Wúbǔ Xiàn	80,000	428	187
Qingjian County	清涧县	Qīngjiàn Xiàn	210,000	1,881	112
Zizhou County	子洲县	Zǐzhōu Xiàn	310,000	2,043	152

Culture

Because of its relative isolation, a considerable amount of classical architecture remains in the city proper including the original city wall, some of which has been restored. Other cultural relics include the Zhen Bei Tai watchtower, built during the Ming Dynasty, which is the largest troop fortress built on the entire Great Wall, with original and restored pieces of the original Great Wall juxtaposed on both sides. There is a large restoration in process on this area of the Great Wall. In addition, pieces of the ancient Great Wall built during the Qin Dynasty are scattered along the outskirts of town. There is also the Red Stone Gorge, a canyon lined with grottoes containing carved ancient writing and Buddhist art. The town also contains an ancient pagoda.

The Chinese dialect of Jin is spoken in Yulin.

Environment

Economy

Although most of the local people live in a very minimal fashion, coal mining provides the predominant source of income. For some, coal mining has brought great riches.

There is a new oil-field project (2005+) just to the west of Yulin which is drilling wells for natural gas, and this has brought a good deal of money into the local economy.

This new oil/gas development is the current largest onshore project cooperated by the PetroChina and International Energy Company (Shell) in Mainland of China since 1999 (Product Sharing Contract(PSC) signed). In 2005, this project progressed to the construction and drilling phase and delivered gas into Shaanxi-Jing No.2 pipeline in 2007. The target annual gas production is 3 billion cubic meters (BCM) after this project reaches its full production capacity.

Notable people

• 
  Li Zicheng (1606-1645), rebel leader that established Shun Dynasty.

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yulin, Shaanxi.

• Official website of Yulin Government


• Yulin University


• How to study at the Yulin University


• CREC (The Research Centre for the Recovery of Ecology and Culture in the Loess-Plateau)