Kengtung




This article is about the town. For the district, see Kengtung District. For the township, see Kengtung Township. For the former state, see Kengtung State.

Town in Shan State, Myanmar









































Kengtung


Kyaingtong

Town


Kengtung is located in Myanmar

Kengtung

Kengtung



Location in Myanmar

Coordinates: 21°17′30″N 99°36′30″E / 21.29167°N 99.60833°E / 21.29167; 99.60833Coordinates: 21°17′30″N 99°36′30″E / 21.29167°N 99.60833°E / 21.29167; 99.60833
Country
 Myanmar
Region
 Shan State
District Kengtung District
Township Kengtung Township
Area

 • Total 3,506 km2 (1,354 sq mi)
Population
(2014)[1]

 • Total 171,620
 • Density 48.955/km2 (126.79/sq mi)
Time zone
UTC+6.30 (MMT)

Kengtung (Shan: ၵဵင်းတုင်; Burmese: .mw-parser-output .script-myanmar{font-family:"Myanmar Text",Myanmar3,Myanmar2,Myanmar1,Padauk,"Noto Sans Myanmar",mm3web,TharLon,"Masterpiece Uni Sans",Parabaik,Yunghkio,Thanlwin,"Win Uni Innwa","MyMyanmar Unicode","WinUni Innwa"}ကျိုင်းတုံမြို့; MLCTS: kyuing: tum mrui., pronounced [tɕáɪɴtòʊɴ mjo̰]; Thai: เชียงตุง, RTGS: Chiang Tung, pronounced [t͡ɕʰīa̯ŋ tūŋ]; also spelled Kyaingtong, Chiang Tung, Cheingtung, and Kengtong) is a town in Shan State, Myanmar (formerly Burma). It is the principal town of Kengtung Township. Kengtung is located on the National Highway 4 (NH4) and at the AH2 and AH3 of the Asian Highway.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Geography


  • 3 Transportation


  • 4 Climate


  • 5 Education


  • 6 Health care


  • 7 See also


  • 8 Bibliography


  • 9 External links


  • 10 References


    • 10.1 Notes







History


Main article: Kengtung State



Kengtung town


The early history of Kengtung is made up of myths and legends. The oral tradition of the Wa people says that the ancient city of Kengtung was founded in the distant past by them as the original inhabitants of the region,[2] and was later reestablished by the grandson of King Mangrai after defeating the Wa.[3] This migration of the Chiang Mai dynasty in the 13th century, with the founding a new kingdom which was later named Lanna, has resulted in Kengtung having a different type of Tai population from the rest of the Shan State, the Tai Khün.


Kengtung, like other major towns in the Shan Plateau, was home to a Shan Saopha (Sawbwa). Kengtung was the capital of the Kengtung State, and had a palace, built by Sao Kawng Kiao Intaleng in 1905.


The city was occupied by the Thai Phayap Army from 1942 until the end of the Second World War and became the headquarters of the Saharat Thai Doem territory.[4]Now, the headquarters of the regional military command of the Tatmadaw is in the town.[5]



Geography


Kengtung contains several lakes. The largest, Naung Tung Lake, lies in the western part of the city, followed by Naung Kham Lake and Naung Yarng Lake to the south of the Kentung Roman Catholic Mission.



Transportation


The town is served by Kengtung Airport.


Kengtung is located on the National Highway 4 (NH4) and at the AH2 and AH3 of the Asian Highway.



Climate


Kengtung has a tropical wet and dry/ savanna climate (Köppen-Geiger classification: Aw) with a pronounced dry season in the low-sun months, no cold season, wet season is in the high-sun months. Temperatures are very warm throughout the year, although the winter months (December–February) are milder and nights can be quite cool. There is a winter dry season (December–April) and a summer wet season (May–November).







































































































Climate data for Kengtung (1981–2010, extremes 1986–1994 and 2001–2010)[a]
Month
 Jan
 Feb
 Mar
 Apr
 May
 Jun
 Jul
 Aug
 Sep
 Oct
 Nov
 Dec
 Year
Record high °C (°F)
 32.0
(89.6)
 33.6
(92.5)
 36.5
(97.7)
 40.0
(104)
 39.6
(103.3)
 36.6
(97.9)
 34.6
(94.3)
 35.6
(96.1)
 35.0
(95)
 33.9
(93)
 32.4
(90.3)
 32.2
(90)
 40.0
(104)
Average high °C (°F)
 27.2
(81)
 29.5
(85.1)
 32.0
(89.6)
 33.7
(92.7)
 31.9
(89.4)
 30.7
(87.3)
 29.5
(85.1)
 29.6
(85.3)
 29.6
(85.3)
 28.8
(83.8)
 27.3
(81.1)
 25.6
(78.1)
 29.6
(85.3)
Average low °C (°F)
 10.0
(50)
 11.0
(51.8)
 14.2
(57.6)
 17.9
(64.2)
 20.4
(68.7)
 21.7
(71.1)
 21.5
(70.7)
 21.3
(70.3)
 20.3
(68.5)
 18.5
(65.3)
 14.6
(58.3)
 11.0
(51.8)
 16.9
(62.4)
Record low °C (°F)
 3.9
(39)
 5.0
(41)
 7.6
(45.7)
 10.2
(50.4)
 13.4
(56.1)
 16.0
(60.8)
 18.0
(64.4)
 17.0
(62.6)
 14.8
(58.6)
 7.8
(46)
 4.3
(39.7)
 2.8
(37)
 2.8
(37)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
 3.2
(0.13)
 4.7
(0.19)
 7.1
(0.28)
 41.9
(1.65)
 168.4
(6.63)
 163.6
(6.44)
 158.1
(6.22)
 253.2
(9.97)
 293.4
(11.55)
 184.0
(7.24)
 60.6
(2.39)
 8.1
(0.32)
 1,346.3
(53.01)
Source #1: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[6]
Source #2: Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial (records)[7]



Education



  • Kyaing Tong University

  • Computer University (Kyaing Tong)

  • Technological University, Kyaingtong



Health care


  • Kyaing Tong General Hospital


See also



  • Tachileik

  • Kengtung District



Bibliography



  • Forbes, Andrew ; Henley, David (2011). Traders of the Golden Triangle. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. ASIN: B006GMID5


  • J. G. Scott, Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States. 5 vols. Rangoon, 1900-1901.


  • Sao Sāimöng Mangrāi, The Pādaeng Chronicle and the Kengtung State Chronicle Translated. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1981



External links








  • The Happy City, a 1959 film on a remote leper colony run by Father Cesare Columbo in Kengtung, Shan State

  • pictures from Kengtung



References





  1. ^ Myanmar City Population


  2. ^ M. Fiskesjo, On the Ethnoarchaeology of Fortified Settlements in the Northern part of Mainland Southeast Asia


  3. ^ History


  4. ^ Shan and Karenni States of Burma


  5. ^ Donald M. Seekins, Historical Dictionary of Burma (Myanmar), p. 251


  6. ^ Myanmar Climate Report(PDF). Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Retrieved 28 October 2018..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  7. ^
    "Kengtung (Myanmar)" (PDF). Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas. Retrieved 13 December 2018.




Notes





  1. ^ The record highs and lows are based on the Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial link for the period 1986–1994 while records from 2001–2010 come from the Norwegian Meteorological Institute. As a result, the most extreme values from either source are used, leading to the period of reference for extremes from 1986–1994 and 2001–2010.











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