1958 Italian general election


















Italian general election, 1958







← 1953
25 May 1958
1963 →


All 596 seats to the Italian Chamber of Deputies
and 246 (of the 253) seats to the Italian Senate
Turnout 93.8%




































































 
Majority party
Minority party
Third party
 

Amintore Fanfani daticamera.jpg

Palmiro Togliatti Official.jpg

Pietro Nenni 2.jpg
Leader

Amintore Fanfani

Palmiro Togliatti

Pietro Nenni
Party

Christian Democracy

Communist Party

Socialist Party
Leader since
1954
1938
1931
Leader's seat

XVII - South Tuscany

XX - Latium

IV - Milan
Seats won

273 C / 123 S
140 C / 59 S
84 C / 35 S
Seat change

Increase17 C / Increase7 S

Decrease3 C /Increase7 S

Increase9 C / Increase9 S
Popular vote

12,520,207 C
10,780,954 S
6,704,454 C
5,700,952 S
4,206,726 C
3,682,945 S
Percentage

42.4% (C)
41.2% (S)
22.7% (C)
21.8% (S)
14.2% (C)
14.1% (S)
Swing

Increase2.3% C
Increase1.4% S

Increase0.1% C
Increase1.6% S

Increase1.5% C
Increase2.2% S




Italian Election 1958 Province.png1958 Italian Senate election map.png
Election results maps for the Chamber of Deputies (on the left) and for the Senate (on the right). Light Blue denotes provinces with a Christian Democratic plurality, Red denotes those with a Communist plurality, Gray denotes those with an Autonomist plurality.








Prime Minister before election

Adone Zoli
Christian Democracy



Elected Prime Minister

Amintore Fanfani
Christian Democracy




General elections were held in Italy on Sunday 25 May 1958, to select the Third Republican Parliament.[1] The number of MPs to be elected was calculated upon the population's size for the last time.




Contents






  • 1 Electoral system


  • 2 Historical background


  • 3 Parties and leaders


  • 4 Results


    • 4.1 Chamber of Deputies


    • 4.2 Senate of the Republic




  • 5 References





Electoral system


Minor changes were made to the electoral law in 1958, creating a system which would remain unchanged until its abrogation in 1993.


The pure party-list proportional representation was definitely adopted for the Chamber of Deputies. Italian provinces were united in 32 constituencies, each electing a group of candidates. At constituency level, seats were divided between open lists using the largest remainder method with Imperiali quota. Remaining votes and seats were transferred at national level, where they were divided using the Hare quota, and automatically distributed to best losers into the local lists.


For the Senate, 237 single-seat constituencies were established, even if the assembly had 9 more members. The candidates needed a landslide victory of two thirds of votes to be elected: only 5 hoping senators reached this goal. All remained votes and seats were grouped in party lists and regional constituencies, where a D'Hondt method was used: inside the lists, candidates with the best percentages were elected.



Historical background


After De Gasperi's retirement in 1953 Fanfani emerged as the anticipated successor, a role confirmed by his appointment as party secretary from 1954-1959.[2] He reorganized and rejuvenated the national party organization of the Christian Democrats after the dependence on the church and the government which had typified the De Gasperi period.[3]


However, his activist and sometimes authoritarian style, as well as his reputation as an economic reformer, ensured that the moderates within the DC, who opposed the state’s intrusion into the country’s economic life, regarded him with distrust. His indefatigable energy and his passion for efficiency carried him far in politics, but he was rarely able to exploit fully the opportunities that he created. "Fanfani has colleagues, associates, acquaintances and subordinates," one politician once remarked. "But I have never heard much about his friends."



Parties and leaders






























































Party
Ideology
Leader


Christian Democracy (DC)

Christian democracy

Amintore Fanfani


Italian Communist Party (PCI)

Communism

Palmiro Togliatti


Italian Socialist Party (PSI)

Democratic socialism

Pietro Nenni


Italian Social Movement (MSI)

Neo-fascism

Arturo Michelini


Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI)

Social democracy

Giuseppe Saragat


Italian Liberal Party (PLI)

Conservative liberalism

Giovanni Malagodi


People's Monarchist Party (PMP)

Conservatism

Achille Lauro


Monarchist National Party (PNM)

Conservatism

Alfredo Covelli


Italian Republican Party (PRI)

Social liberalism

Oronzo Reale


Results


The election gave similar results of five years before and, consequently, the same problems of political instability of the centrist formula. Christian Democracy was polarized by a fraction which liked more leftist politics, and another one which urged for a rightist route. Party's secretary Amintore Fanfani was in the first field, and called for a dialogue with the Italian Socialist Party, which had frozen its relationships with the Italian Communist Party after the Hungarian Revolution. Fanfani led a year-term government, but the reaction of the conservative fraction gave the power to Antonio Segni, followed by Fernando Tambroni who received a decisive vote of confidence by the neo-fascist Italian Social Movement. The MSI had been banned by any type of political power since its birth under the theory of the Constitutional Arch, which stated that any government or opposition party which had voted the Italian Constitution, had to refuse any relationship with fascist and monarchist forces, seen as anti-constitutional groups. Strikes and revolts causing some casualties erupted through the country, and Tambroni had to resign. Fanfani returned to the premiership, this time with an openly centre-left programme supported by the socialist abstention. The government created the middle school for workers' sons, and the ENEL after the electric energy nationalisation.



Chamber of Deputies





















































































































































← Summary of the 25 May 1958 Chamber of Deputies election results →

Italian Chamber of Deputies 1958.svg

Party
Votes
%
Seats
+/−

Christian Democracy 12,520,207 42.35 273 +10

Italian Communist Party 6,704,454 22.68 140 −3

Italian Socialist Party 4,206,726 14.23 84 +9

Italian Social Movement 1,407,718 4.76 24 −5

Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1,345,447 4.55 22 +3

Italian Liberal Party 1,047,081 3.54 17 +4

People's Monarchist Party 776,919 2.63 14
New

Monarchist National Party 659,997 2.23 11 −29


Italian Republican Party–Radical Party
405,782 1.37 6 +1

Community Movement 173,227 0.59 1
New

South Tyrolean People's Party 135,491 0.46 3 ±0

Movement for Piedmontese Regional Autonomy 70,589 0.24 0
New

Valdostan Union 30,596 0.10 1
New

Others 76,035 0.26 0 ±0
Invalid/blank votes 874,412
Total 30,434,681 100 596 +6
Registered voters/turnout 32,434,852 93.83
Source: Ministry of the Interior






























































Popular vote
DC
42.35%
PCI
22.68%
PSI
14.23%
MSI
4.76%
PSDI
4.55%
PLI
3.54%
PMP
2.63%
PNM
2.23%

PRI–PR
1.37%
Others
1.64%
































































Seats
DC
45.81%
PCI
23.49%
PSI
14.09%
MSI
4.03%
PSDI
3.69%
PLI
2.85%
PMP
2.35%
PNM
1.85%

PRI–PR
1.01%
Others
0.84%




Senate of the Republic





















































































































































































← Summary of the 25 May 1958 Senate of the Republic election results →

Italian Senate 1958.svg

Party
Votes
%
Seats
+/−

Christian Democracy 10,780,954 41.23 123 +10

Italian Communist Party 5,700,952 21.80 59 +8

Italian Socialist Party 3,682,945 14.08 35 +9

Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1,164,280 4.45 5 +1

Italian Social Movement 1,150,051 4.40 8 −1

Italian Liberal Party 1,012,610 3.87 4 +1

People's Monarchist Party 774,242 2.96 5
New

Monarchist National Party 565,045 2.16 2 −14


Italian Republican Party–Radical Party
363,462 1.39 0 ±0


MSI–PNM
291,359 1.11 0 ±0


PCI–PSI
185,557 0.71 2 ±0

Community Movement 142,897 0.55 0
New

South Tyrolean People's Party 120,068 0.46 2 ±0

Movement for Piedmontese Regional Autonomy 61,088 0.23 0
New


PSI–PSDI
43,191 0.17 0 ±0

For The Autonomy of Aosta Valley 28,141 0.11 1 +1

Sardinian Action Party 25,923 0.10 0 ±0

Others 57,237 0.22 0 ±0
Invalid/blank votes 1,239,240
Total 27,391,239 100 246 +9
Registered voters/turnout 29,174,858 93.9
Source: Ministry of the Interior






























































Popular vote
DC
41.23%
PCI
21.80%
PSI
14.08%
PSDI
4.45%
MSI
4.40%
PLI
3.87%
PMP
2.96%
PNM
2.16%

PRI–PR
1.39%
Others
3.66%



























































Seats
DC
50.00%
PCI
23.98%
PSI
14.23%
MSI
3.25%
PSDI
2.03%
PMP
2.03%
PLI
1.63%
PNM
0.81%
Others
2.03%




References





  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1048 .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
    ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7



  2. ^ Young Initiative, Time Magazine, 12 July 1954


  3. ^ Out for the Big Win, Time Magazine, 26 May 1958










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