Vesper bat









































Vesper bats
Temporal range: Early Eocene to Recent[1]


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Myotis myotis

Scientific classification edit
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Chiroptera
Suborder:
Vespertilioniformes
Superfamily:
Vespertilionoidea
Gray, 1821
Family:
Vespertilionidae
Gray, 1821

Subfamilies


  • Vespertilioninae

  • Murininae

  • Myotinae

  • Kerivoulinae



Vesper bats (family Vespertilionidae), also known as evening bats or common bats, are the largest and most-studied family of bats. They belong to the suborder Microchiroptera (microbats). Over 300 species are distributed all over the world, on every continent except Antarctica. It owes its name to the Latin word vespertilio ("bat"), from vesper, meaning "evening".




Contents






  • 1 Evolution


  • 2 Characteristics


  • 3 Systematics


  • 4 Classification


  • 5 References


  • 6 Further reading





Evolution


Molecular data indicate Vespertilionidae diverged from Molossidae in the early Eocene period.[2] The family is thought to have originated somewhere in Laurasia, possibly North America.[3] A recently extinct species, Synemporion keana, is known from the Holocene of Hawaii.[4]



Characteristics


Almost all vesper bats are insectivores, exceptions being some Myotis and Pizonyx species that catch fish and the larger Nyctalus species that have been known on occasion to catch small passerine birds in flight. The dental formula of vesper bats varies between species:







Dentition
1–2.1.1–3.3
2–3.1.2–3.3

They rely mainly on echolocation, but they lack the enlarged noses some microbats have to improve the ultrasound beam, and instead "shout" through their open mouths to project their ultrasound beams. In compensation, many species have relatively large ears.


As a group, vesper bats cover the full gamut of flight ability, with the relatively weak-flying Pipistrellus that have fluttery, almost insect-like flight to the long-winged and fast-flying genera such as Lasiurus and Nyctalus. The family size range is from 3 to 13 cm (1.2 to 5.1 in) in length, excluding the tail, which is itself quite long in most species. They are generally brown or grey in color, but some have brightly colored fur, with reds, oranges, and yellows all being known, and many having white patches or stripes.[5]


Most species roost in caves, although some make use of hollow trees, rocky crevices, animal burrows, or other forms of shelter. Colony sizes also vary greatly, with some roosting alone, and others in groups up to a million individuals. Species native to temperate latitudes typically hibernate, while a few of the tropical species aestivate.[5]



Systematics






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Vespertilionidae












 

Vespertilioninae
 
 







 












 

Myotinae
 
 












 

Kerivoulinae
 
 

Murininae
 
 
 
 
 

Subfamily relationships of Vespertilionidae[6]

There are four subfamilies of Vespertilionidae currently recognized.
Traditionally supported subfamilies have been redefined since the advent of molecular genetics; only Murininae and Kerivoulinae have not been changed in light of genetic analysis.
Subfamilies that were once recognized as valid, such as Nyctophilinae, are no longer acknowledged, as it has been shown that they do not represent a true evolutionary grouping of relevant species.
Within the Yangochiroptera, the closest relatives to the vesper bats are the free-tailed bats of family Molossidae.[6]
The blunt-eared bat is acknowledged as the potential closest link between Vespertilionidae and Molossidae, as it is the most basal member of Molossidae and has intermediate characteristics of both families.[7]



Classification


Four subfamilies are recognized:



Family Vespertilionidae




  • Subfamily Vespertilioninae

    • Tribe Eptesicini

      • Genus Arielulus


        • Collared pipistrelle, Arielulus aureocollaris


        • Black-gilded pipistrelle, Arielulus circumdatus


        • Coppery pipistrelle, Arielulus cuprosus


        • Social pipistrelle, Arielulus societatis


        • Necklace pipistrelle, Arielulus torquatus



      • Genus Eptesicus – House bats


        • Little black serotine, Eptesicus andinus


        • Bobrinski's serotine, Eptesicus bobrinskoi


        • Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae


        • Brazilian brown bat, Eptesicus brasiliensis


        • Chiriquinan serotine, Eptesicus chiriquinus


        • Diminutive serotine, Eptesicus diminutus


        • Surat serotine, Eptesicus dimissus


        • Horn-skinned bat, Eptesicus floweri


        • Argentine brown bat, Eptesicus furinalis


        • Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus


        • Gobi big brown bat, Eptesicus gobiensis


        • Guadeloupe big brown bat, Eptesicus guadeloupensis


        • Long-tailed house bat, Eptesicus hottentotus


        • Harmless serotine, Eptesicus innoxius


        • Japanese short-tailed bat, Eptesicus japonensis


        • Kobayashi's bat, Eptesicus kobayashii

        • Eptesicus lobatus


        • Jamaican serotine, Eptesicus lynni


        • Sind bat, Eptesicus nasutus


        • Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssonii


        • Thick-eared bat, Eptesicus pachyotis


        • Lagos serotine, Eptesicus platyops


        • Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus

        • Taddei's bat, Eptesicus taddeii


        • Sombre bat, Eptesicus tatei



      • Genus Hesperoptenus – false serotine bats


        • Blanford's bat, Hesperoptenus blanfordi


        • False serotine bat, Hesperoptenus doriae


        • Gaskell's false serotine, Hesperoptenus gaskelli


        • Tickell's bat, Hesperoptenus tickelli


        • Large false serotine, Hesperoptenus tomesi





    • Tribe Lasiurini
      • Genus Lasiurus – hairy-tailed bats

        • Subgenus Dasypterus


          • Southern yellow bat, Lasiurus ega


          • Northern yellow bat, Lasiurus intermedius


          • Cuban yellow bat, Lasiurus insularis


          • Western yellow bat, Lasiurus xanthinus



        • Subgenus Lasiurus


          • Greater red bat, Lasiurus atratus


          • Desert red bat, Lasiurus blossevillii


          • Eastern red bat, Lasiurus borealis


          • Galapagos red bat, Lasiurus brachyotis


          • Tacarcuna bat, Lasiurus castaneus


          • Hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus


          • Jamaican red bat, Lasiurus degelidus


          • Hairy-tailed bat, Lasiurus ebenus


          • Big red bat, Lasiurus egregius


          • Minor red bat, Lasiurus minor


          • Pfeiffer's red bat, Lasiurus pfeifferi


          • Saline red bat, Lasiurus salinae


          • Seminole bat, Lasiurus seminolus


          • Cinnamon red bat, Lasiurus varius








  • Tribe Nycticeiini

    • Genus Nycticeinops

      • Schlieffen's bat, Nycticeinops schlieffeni


    • Genus Nycticeius – evening bats


      • Evening bat, Nycticeius humeralis


      • Cuban evening bat, Nycticeius cubanus



    • Genus Rhogeessa – Rhogeessa bats


      • Yucatan yellow bat, Rhogeessa aeneus


      • Allen's yellow bat, Rhogeessa alleni


      • Genoways's yellow bat, Rhogeessa genowaysi


      • Slender yellow bat, Rhogeessa gracilis


      • Husson's yellow bat, Rhogeessa hussoni


      • Thomas's yellow bat, Rhogeessa io


      • Tiny yellow bat, Rhogeessa minutilla


      • Least yellow bat, Rhogeessa mira


      • Little yellow bat, Rhogeessa parvula


      • Black-winged little yellow bat, Rhogeessa tumida



    • Genus Scoteanax

      • Rüppell's broad-nosed bat, Scoteanax rueppellii


    • Genus Scotoecus – house bats


      • White-bellied lesser house bat, Scotoecus albigula


      • Light-winged lesser house bat, Scotoecus albofuscus


      • Hinde's lesser house bat, Scotoecus hindei


      • Dark-winged lesser house bat, Scotoecus hirundo


      • Desert yellow bat, Scotoecus pallidus



    • Genus Scotomanes

      • Harlequin bat, Scotomanes ornatus


    • Genus Scotophilus – yellow bats


      • Lesser yellow bat, Scotophilus borbonicus


      • Sulawesi yellow bat, Scotophilus celebensis


      • Sody's yellow house bat, Scotophilus collinus


      • African yellow bat, Scotophilus dinganii


      • Greater Asiatic yellow bat, Scotophilus heathi


      • Lesser Asiatic yellow bat, Scotophilus kuhlii


      • White-bellied yellow bat, Scotophilus leucogaster

      • Scotophilus marovaza

      • Scotophilis mhlanganii


      • Schreber's yellow bat, Scotophilus nigrita


      • Robbins's yellow bat, Scotophilus nucella'


      • Nut-colored yellow bat, Scotophilus nux


      • Robust yellow bat, Scotophilus robustus


      • Greenish yellow bat, Scotophilus viridis

      • Scotophilus tandrefana



    • Genus Scotorepens – lesser broad-nosed bats


      • Western broad-nosed bat, Scotorepens balstoni


      • Little broad-nosed bat, Scotorepens greyii


      • Eastern broad-nosed bat, Scotorepens orion


      • Northern broad-nosed bat, Scotorepens sanborni





  • Tribe Nyctophilini

    • Genus Nyctophilus – New Guinean and Australian big-eared bats


      • Northern long-eared bat, Nyctophilus arnhemensis


      • Eastern long-eared bat, Nyctophilus bifax

      • Nyctophilus corbeni

      • Nyctophilus daedalus


      • Lesser long-eared bat, Nyctophilus geoffroyi


      • Gould's long-eared bat, Nyctophilus gouldi


      • Sunda long-eared bat, Nyctophilus heran


      • Lord Howe long-eared bat, Nyctophilus howensis


      • Small-toothed long-eared bat, Nyctophilus microdon


      • New Guinea long-eared bat, Nyctophilus microtis


      • New Caledonian long-eared bat, Nyctophilus nebulosus


      • Greater long-eared bat, Nyctophilus timoriensis


      • Western long-eared bat, Nyctophilus major


      • Tasmanian long-eared bat, Nyctophilus sherrini


      • Mt. Missim long-eared bat, Nyctophilus shirleyae


      • Pygmy long-eared bat, Nyctophilus walkeri



    • Genus Pharotis

      • New Guinea big-eared bat, Pharotis imogene




  • Tribe Pipistrellini

    • Genus Glischropus – thick-thumbed bats


      • Javan thick-thumbed bat, Glischropus javanus


      • Common thick-thumbed bat, Glischropus tylopus



    • Genus Nyctalus – noctule bats


      • Birdlike noctule, Nyctalus aviator


      • Azores noctule, Nyctalus azoreum


      • Greater noctule bat, Nyctalus lasiopterus


      • Lesser noctule, Nyctalus leisleri


      • Mountain noctule, Nyctalus montanus


      • Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula



    • Genus Parastrellus

      • Western pipistrelle, Parastrellus hesperus


    • Genus Perimyotis

      • Eastern pipistrelle, Perimyotis subflavus


    • Genus Pipistrellus – Pipistrelles or Pipistrelle bats


      • Japanese pipistrelle, Pipistrellus abramus


      • Adams's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus adamsi


      • Mount Gargues pipistrelle, Pipistrellus aero


      • Angulate pipistrelle, Pipistrellus angulatus


      • Kelaart's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus ceylonicus


      • Greater Papuan pipistrelle, Pipistrellus collinus


      • Indian pipistrelle, Pipistrellus coromandra


      • Egyptian pipistrelle, Pipistrellus deserti


      • Endo's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus endoi


      • Hanaki's dwarf bat, Pipistrellus hanaki


      • Dusky pipistrelle, Pipistrellus hesperidus


      • Aellen's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus inexspectatus


      • Java pipistrelle, Pipistrellus javanicus


      • Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii


      • Madeira pipistrelle, Pipistrellus maderensis


      • Minahassa pipistrelle, Pipistrellus minahassae


      • Christmas Island pipistrelle, Pipistrellus murrayi


      • Tiny pipistrelle, Pipistrellus nanulus


      • Nathusius's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus nathusii


      • Lesser Papuan pipistrelle, Pipistrellus papuanus


      • Mount Popa pipistrelle, Pipistrellus paterculus


      • Dar es Salaam pipistrelle, Pipistrellus permixtus


      • Common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus


      • Soprano pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pygmaeus


      • Rüppell's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus rueppellii


      • Rusty pipistrelle, Pipistrellus rusticus


      • Narrow-winged pipistrelle, Pipistrellus stenopterus


      • Sturdee's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus sturdeei


      • Least pipistrelle, Pipistrellus tenuis


      • Watts's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus wattsi


      • Koopman's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus westralis



    • Genus Scotozous

      • Dormer's bat, Scotozous dormeri




  • Tribe Plecotini

    • Genus Barbastella – barbastelles or barbastelle bats


      • Western barbastellus, Barbastella barbastellus


      • Beijing barbastelle, Barbastella beijingensis


      • Asian barbastelle, Barbastella leucomelas



    • Genus Corynorhinus – American lump-nosed bats


      • Rafinesque's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus rafinesquii


      • Mexican big-eared bat, Corynorhinus mexicanus


      • Townsend's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus townsendii



    • Genus Euderma

      • Spotted bat, Euderma maculatum


    • Genus Idionycteris

      • Allen's big-eared bat, Idionycteris phyllotis


    • Genus Otonycteris

      • Desert long-eared bat, Otonycteris hemprichii


    • Genus Plecotus – lump-nosed bats


      • Alpine long-eared bat, Plecotus alpinus


      • Brown long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus


      • Grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacus


      • Ethiopian big-eared bat, Plecotus balensis

      • Plecotus kolombatovici


      • Taiwan big-eared bat, Plecotus taivanus

      • Plecotus strelkovi


      • Canary big-eared bat, Plecotus teneriffae





  • Tribe Vespertilionini

    • Genus Chalinolobus – wattled bats


      • Large-eared pied bat, Chalinolobus dwyeri


      • Gould's wattled bat, Chalinolobus gouldii


      • Chocolate wattled bat, Chalinolobus morio


      • Chalinolobus neocaledonicus, sometimes treated as a subspecies of Chalinolobus gouldii


      • Hoary wattled bat, Chalinolobus nigrogriseus


      • Little pied bat, Chalinolobus picatus


      • New Zealand long-tailed bat or long-tailed wattled bat, Chalinolobus tuberculatus



    • Genus Eudiscopus

      • Disk-footed bat, Eudiscopus denticulus


    • Genus Falsistrellus


      • Chocolate pipistrelle, Falsistrellus affinis


      • Western false pipistrelle, Falsistrellus mackenziei


      • Pungent pipistrelle, Falsistrellus mordax


      • Peters's pipistrelle, Falsistrellus petersi


      • Eastern false pipistrelle, Falsistrellus tasmaniensis



    • Genus Glauconycteris – butterfly bats


      • Allen's striped bat, Glauconycteris alboguttata


      • Silvered bat, Glauconycteris argentata


      • Beatrix's bat, Glauconycteris beatrix


      • Curry's bat, Glauconycteris curryae


      • Bibundi bat, Glauconycteris egeria


      • Glen's wattled bat, Glauconycteris gleni


      • Allen's spotted bat, Glauconycteris humeralis


      • Kenyan wattled bat, Glauconycteris kenyacola


      • Machado's butterfly bat, Glauconycteris machadoi


      • Abo bat, Glauconycteris poensis


      • Butterfly bat, Glauconycteris variegata



    • Genus Histiotus – big-eared brown bats


      • Strange big-eared brown bat, Histiotus alienus


      • Humboldt big-eared brown bat, Histiotus humboldti


      • Thomas's big-eared brown bat, Histiotus laephotis


      • Big-eared brown bat, Histiotus macrotus


      • Southern big-eared brown bat, Histiotus magellanicus


      • Small big-eared brown bat, Histiotus montanus


      • Tropical big-eared brown bat, Histiotus velatus



    • Genus Hypsugo – Asian pipistrelles


      • Alashanian pipistrelle, Hypsugo alaschanicus


      • Anchieta's pipistrelle, Hypsugo anchietae


      • Anthony's pipistrelle, Hypsugo anthonyi


      • Arabian pipistrelle, Hypsugo arabicus


      • Desert pipistrelle, Hypsugo ariel


      • Bodenheimer's pipistrelle, Hypsugo bodenheimeri


      • Cadorna's pipistrelle, Hypsugo cadornae


      • Broad-headed pipistrelle, Hypsugo crassulus


      • Eisentraut's pipistrelle, Hypsugo eisentrauti


      • Brown pipistrelle, Hypsugo imbricatus


      • Joffre's pipistrelle, Hypsugo joffrei


      • Red-brown pipistrelle, Hypsugo kitcheneri


      • Burma pipistrelle, Hypsugo lophurus


      • Big-eared pipistrelle, Hypsugo macrotis


      • Mouselike pipistrelle, Hypsugo musciculus


      • Chinese pipistrelle, Hypsugo pulveratus


      • Savi's pipistrelle, Hypsugo savii


      • Vordermann's pipistrelle, Hypsugo vordermanni



    • Genus Ia

      • Great evening bat, Ia io


    • Genus Laephotis – long-eared bats


      • Angolan long-eared bat, Laephotis angolensis


      • Botswanan long-eared bat, Laephotis botswanae


      • Namib long-eared bat, Laephotis namibensis


      • De Winton's long-eared bat, Laephotis wintoni



    • Genus Mimetillus

      • Moloney's mimic bat, Mimetillus moloneyi


    • Genus Neoromicia


      • Dark-brown serotine, Neoromicia brunneus


      • Cape serotine, Neoromicia capensis


      • Yellow serotine, Neoromicia flavescens


      • Tiny serotine, Neoromicia guineensis


      • Heller's pipistrelle, Neoromicia helios


      • Melck's house bat, Neoromicia melckorum


      • Banana pipistrelle, Neoromicia nanus


      • Rendall's serotine, Neoromicia rendalli


      • Somali serotine, Neoromicia somalicus


      • White-winged serotine, Neoromicia tenuipinnis

      • Neoromicia zuluensis



    • Genus Niumbaha

      • Pied bat, Niumbaha superba


    • Genus Philetor

      • Rohu's bat, Philetor brachypterus


    • Genus Tylonycteris – bamboo bats


      • Lesser bamboo bat, Tylonycteris pachypus


      • Pygmy bamboo bat, Tylonycteris pygmaeus


      • Greater bamboo bat, Tylonycteris robustula



    • Genus Vespadelus


      • Inland forest bat, Vespadelus baverstocki


      • Northern cave bat, Vespadelus caurinus


      • Large forest bat, Vespadelus darlingtoni


      • Yellow-lipped bat, Vespadelus douglasorum


      • Finlayson's cave bat, Vespadelus finlaysoni


      • Eastern forest bat, Vespadelus pumilus


      • Southern forest bat, Vespadelus regulus


      • Troughton's forest bat, Vespadelus troughtoni


      • Little forest bat, Vespadelus vulturnus



    • Genus Vespertilio – frosted bats


      • Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinus


      • Asian parti-colored bat, Vespertilio sinensis






  • Subfamily Murininae

    • Genus Harpiocephalus – hairy-winged bats


      • Lesser hairy-winged bat, Harpiocephalus harpia


      • Greater hairy-winged bat, Harpiocephalus mordax



    • Genus Harpiola


      • Peter's tube-nosed bat, Harpiola (Murina) grisea


      • Formosan golden tube-nosed bat, Harpiola isodon



    • Genus Murina – tube-nosed insectivorous bats


      • Ashy-gray tube-nosed bat, Murina cineracea


      • Beelzebub's tube-nosed bat, Murina beelzebub


      • Bronze tube-nosed bat, Murina aenea


      • Little tube-nosed bat, Murina aurata

      • Murina bicolor


      • Round-eared tube-nosed bat, Murina cyclotis


      • Elery's tube-nosed bat, Murina eleryi


      • Flute-nosed bat, Murina florium


      • Dusky tube-nosed bat, Murina fusca


      • Slender tube-nosed bat, Murina gracilis

      • Murina harpioloides


      • Harrison's tube-nosed bat, Murina harrisoni


      • Hilgendorf's tube-nosed bat, Murina hilgendorfi


      • Hutton's tube-nosed bat, Murina huttoni


      • Greater tube-nosed bat, Murina leucogaster


      • Taiwan tube-nosed bat, Murina puta

      • Murina recondita


      • Gilded tube-nosed bat, Murina rozendaali


      • Ryukyu tube-nosed bat, Murina ryukyuana


      • Brown tube-nosed bat, Murina suilla


      • Gloomy tube-nosed bat, Murina tenebrosa


      • Mystery tube-nosed bat, Murina tiensa


      • Scully's tube-nosed bat, Murina tubinaris


      • Ussuri tube-nosed bat, Murina ussuriensis


      • Walston's tube-nosed bat, Murina walstoni






  • Subfamily Myotinae

    • Genus Cistugo – wing-gland bats


      • Lesueur's hairy bat, Cistugo lesueuri


      • Angolan hairy bat, Cistugo seabrai



    • Genus Myotis – mouse-eared bats

      • Subgenus Myotis


        • Southwestern mouse-eared bat, Myotis altarium


        • Anjouan myotis, Myotis anjouanensis


        • Mexican long-eared bat, Myotis auriculus


        • Bechstein's bat, Myotis bechsteini


        • Lesser mouse-eared bat, Myotis blythii


        • Chinese mouse-eared bat, Myotis chinensis


        • Kock's mouse-eared bat, Myotis dieteri


        • Geoffroy's bat, Myotis emarginatus

        • Myotis escalerai


        • Western long-eared bat, Myotis evotis


        • Malagasy mouse-eared bat, Myotis goudoti


        • Keen's myotis, Myotis keenii


        • Morris's bat, Myotis morrisi


        • Greater mouse-eared bat, Myotis myotis


        • Beijing mouse-eared bat, Myotis pequinius


        • Maghrebian mouse-eared bat, Myotis punicus


        • Northern long-eared bat, Myotis septentrionalis


        • Mandelli's mouse-eared bat, Myotis sicarius


        • Fringed myotis, Myotis thysanodes


        • Cape hairy bat, Myotis tricolor



      • Subgenus Chrysopteron

        • Myotis flavus


        • Hodgson's bat, Myotis formosus


        • Herman's myotis, Myotis hermani


        • Orange-fingered myotis, Myotis rufopictus (used to be considered Myotis formosus subspecies)


        • Welwitsch's bat, Myotis welwitschii



      • Subgenus Selysius


        • Alcathoe bat, Myotis alcathoe


        • Hairy-faced bat, Myotis annectans


        • Atacama myotis, Myotis atacamensis


        • Peters's myotis, Myotis ater


        • Sir David Attenborough's myotis, Myotis attenboroughi


        • Steppe whiskered bat, Myotis aurascens


        • Australian myotis, Myotis australis


        • Brandt's bat, Myotis brandti


        • Bucharian bat, Myotis bucharensis


        • California myotis, Myotis californicus


        • Carter's myotis, Myotis carteri (possibly Myotis nigricans subspecies)


        • Western small-footed myotis, Myotis ciliolabrum


        • David's myotis, Myotis davidii


        • Dominican myotis, Myotis dominicensis


        • Elegant myotis, Myotis elegans


        • Findley's myotis, Myotis findleyi

        • Long-tailed bat, Myotis frater


        • Gomantong myotis, Myotis gomantongensis


        • Armenian whiskered bat, Myotis hajastanicus


        • Ikonnikov's bat, Myotis ikonnikovi


        • Insular myotis, Myotis insularum


        • Hairy-legged myotis, Myotis keaysi


        • Broad-muzzled whiskered bat, Myotis latirostris


        • Eastern small-footed bat, Myotis leibii


        • Schwartz's myotis, Myotis martiniquensis


        • Dark-nosed small-footed myotis, Myotis melanorhinus


        • Wall-roosting mouse-eared bat, Myotis muricola


        • Whiskered bat, Myotis mystacinus


        • Curacao myotis, Myotis nesopolus


        • Black myotis, Myotis nigricans


        • Nepal whiskered bat, Myotis nipalensis


        • Singapore whiskered bat, Myotis oreias


        • Oze whiskered bat, Myotis ozensis

        • Myotis phanluongi


        • Flat-headed myotis, Myotis planiceps


        • Ridley's bat, Myotis ridleyi


        • Thick-thumbed myotis, Myotis rosseti


        • Scott's mouse-eared bat, Myotis scotti


        • Himalayan whiskered bat, Myotis siligorensis


        • Indiana bat, Myotis sodalis


        • Yanbaru whiskered bat, Myotis yanbarensis


        • Yoshiyuki's myotis, Myotis yesoensis



      • Subgenus Isotus


        • Amur bat, Myotis bombinus


        • Natterer's bat, Myotis nattereri


        • Arax bat, Myotis schaubi



      • Subgenus Leuconoe


        • Large-footed bat, Myotis adversus


        • Southern myotis, Myotis aelleni


        • Silver-tipped myotis, Myotis albescens


        • Annamit myotis, Myotis annamiticus


        • Southeastern myotis, Myotis austroriparius


        • Rufous mouse-eared bat, Myotis bocagii


        • Long-fingered bat, Myotis capaccinii


        • Chilean myotis, Myotis chiloensis


        • Guatemalan myotis, Myotis cobanensis


        • Csorba's mouse-eared bat, Myotis csorbai


        • Dinnell's myotis, Myotis dinellii


        • Pond bat, Myotis dasycneme


        • Daubenton's bat, Myotis daubentoni

          • Sakhalin myotis, Myotis daubentoni (used to be considered as distinct species Myotis abei)



        • Hairy-footed mouse-eared bat, Myotis fimbriatus


        • Cinnamon myotis, Myotis fortidens


        • Gray bat, Myotis grisescens


        • Lesser large-footed bat, Myotis hasseltii


        • Horsfield's bat, Myotis horsfieldii


        • Chinese water myotis, Myotis laniger


        • Yellowish myotis, Myotis levis


        • Kashmir cave bat, Myotis longipes


        • Little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus


        • Eastern long-fingered bat, Myotis macrodactylus

        • Myotis macropus


        • Pallid large-footed myotis, Myotis macrotarsus


        • Maluku myotis, Myotis moluccarum


        • Burmese whiskered bat, Myotis montivagus


        • Occult bat, Myotis occultus


        • Montane myotis, Myotis oxyotus


        • Peninsular myotis, Myotis peninsularis


        • Eastern water bat (Sakhalinien Bat), Myotis petax


        • Black whiskered bat, Myotis pruinosus


        • Rickett's big-footed bat, Myotis ricketti


        • Riparian myotis, Myotis riparius


        • Red myotis, Myotis ruber


        • Velvety myotis or rufous whiskered bat, Myotis simus


        • Kei myotis, Myotis stalkeri


        • Cave myotis, Myotis velifer


        • Long-legged myotis, Myotis volans


        • Yuma myotis, Myotis yumanensis



      • Subgenus Pizonyx

        • Fish-eating bat, Myotis vivesi




    • Genus Lasionycteris

      • Silver-haired bat, Lasionycteris noctivagans





  • Subfamily Kerivoulinae

    • Genus Kerivoula – painted bats


      • Tanzanian woolly bat, Kerivoula africana


      • St. Aignan's trumpet-eared bat, Kerivoula agnella


      • Damara woolly bat, Kerivoula argentata


      • Copper woolly bat, Kerivoula cuprosa


      • Ethiopian woolly bat, Kerivoula eriophora


      • Flores woolly bat, Kerivoula flora


      • Hardwicke's woolly bat, Kerivoula hardwickii


      • Small woolly bat, Kerivoula intermedia


      • Kachin woolly bat, Kerivoula kachinensis


      • Krau woolly bat, Kerivoula krauensis


      • Lesser woolly bat, Kerivoula lanosa


      • Lenis woolly bat, Kerivoula lenis


      • Least woolly bat, Kerivoula minuta


      • Fly River trumpet-eared bat, Kerivoula muscina


      • Bismarck's trumpet-eared bat, Kerivoula myrella


      • Papillose woolly bat, Kerivoula papillosa


      • Clear-winged woolly bat, Kerivoula pellucida


      • Spurrell's woolly bat, Kerivoula phalaena


      • Painted bat, Kerivoula picta


      • Smith's woolly bat, Kerivoula smithii


      • Titania's woolly bat, Kerivoula titania


      • Whitehead's woolly bat, Kerivoula whiteheadi



    • Genus Phoniscus


      • Dubious trumpet-eared bat, Phoniscus aerosa


      • Groove-toothed bat, Phoniscus atrox


      • Peters's trumpet-eared bat, Phoniscus jagorii


      • Golden-tipped bat, Phoniscus papuensis







The above grouping of subfamilies is the classification according to Simmons and Geisler (1998). Other authorities raise three subfamilies more: Antrozoinae (which is here the separate family of pallid bats), Tomopeatinae (now regarded as a subfamily of the free-tailed bats), and Nyctophilinae (here included in Vespertilioninae).



References













  1. ^ Fenton, M. B. (2001). Bats. New York: Checkmark Books. p. 5. ISBN 0-8160-4358-2..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Miller-Butterworth, C. M., Murphy, W. J., O'Brien, S. J., Jacobs, D. S., Springer, M. S. & Teeling, E. C. (2007). "A family matter: conclusive resolution of the taxonomic position of the long-fingered bats, Miniopterus". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 24 (7): 1553–1561. doi:10.1093/molbev/msm076. PMID 17449895.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)


  3. ^ Teeling, E. C., Springer, M. S., Madsen, O., Bates, P., O'Brien, S. J. & Murphy, W. J. (2005). "A molecular phylogeny for bats illuminates biogeography and the fossil record". Science. 307 (5709): 580–584. Bibcode:2005Sci...307..580T. doi:10.1126/science.1105113. PMID 15681385.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)


  4. ^ Discovery of Extinct Bat Doubles Diversity of Native Hawaiian Land Mammals, at the American Museum of Natural History; published March 21, 2016; retrieved June 20, 2016


  5. ^ ab Macdonald, D., ed. (1984). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File. p. 807. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.


  6. ^ ab Hoofer, S. R.; Bussche, R. A. V. D. (2003). "Molecular phylogenetics of the chiropteran family Vespertilionidae". Acta Chiropterologica. 5 (1): 1–63. doi:10.3161/001.005.s101.


  7. ^ Sudman, P. D; Barkley, L. J; Hafner, M. S (1994). "Familial Affinity of Tomopeas ravus (Chiroptera) Based on Protein Electrophoretic and Cytochrome b Sequence Data". Journal of Mammalogy. 75 (2): 365. doi:10.2307/1382555. JSTOR 1382555.




Further reading



  • Corbet, GB, Hill JE. 1992. The mammals of the Indomalayan region: a systematic review. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

  • Karim, C., A.A. Tuen and M.T. Abdullah. 2004. Mammals. Sarawak Museum Journal Special Issue No. 6. 80: 221–234.

  • Wilson DE, Reeder DM. 2005. Mammal species of the world. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC.











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